ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
An Evidence and Consensus-Based Definition of Second Victim: A Strategic Topic in Healthcare Quality, Patient Safety, Person-Centeredness and Human Resource Management.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unveiling the hidden struggle of healthcare students as second victims through a systematic review.BMC medical education · 2024Pooled it
- The impact of emotional support on healthcare workers and students coping with COVID-19, and other SARS-CoV pandemics - a mixed-methods systematic review.BMC health services research · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- When informal caregivers become double victims: Development of a multilevel conceptual framework for safer home care.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2026Review
- Factors Associated With Second Victim Experiences and Outcomes Among Clinical Nurses in South Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study.Research in nursing & health · 2026Article
- Second victim experiences among Austrian nonphysician emergency medical services personnel : A cross-sectional analysis of symptom burden and associated factors.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Article
- Leadership and Organizational Responses After Patient Safety Incidents: A Systematic Review of Second-Victim Outcomes and Evidence Gaps in Safety Behaviors.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Scenario-Related Anxiety, Self-Reported Critical Incidents, and Burnout Among Anesthesia Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Factors Influencing Nurses' Experiences and Support as Second Victims Following Adverse Events: A Scoping Review.Nursing open · 2026Article
- Latent profiles and characteristic networks of second victim experiences among junior nurses: a latent profile analysis and association rule mining study.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Implementing after action review in an Irish tertiary hospital: a mixed-methods evaluation of safety culture and second victim experience and support.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Presence and detectability of the second victim phenomenon in German-speaking medical professionals involved in dysphagia and respiratory therapy: cross-sectional survey research (SeViD-V).BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Preventive Support Strategies for the Second Victim Phenomenon in Nurses: A Mixed-Method Study.International nursing review · 2026Article
- Bridging the gap: disparities in perceptions of the "second victim" phenomenon between Israeli policymakers and frontline nurses.Human resources for health · 2026Article
- Understanding Error Culture in Veterinary Medicine: A Survey Among Veterinary Support Staff Across German-Speaking Countries.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- The impact of received support on distressing experiences among nurses as second victims: the mediating role of psychological capital.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- The second victim phenomenon in Japan: prevalence, impact, and associated factors- the JaSeVic study.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Mapping the Second Victim Experience Among Western Nurses: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The concept of second victims (SV) was introduced 20 years ago to draw attention to healthcare professionals involved in patient safety incidents. The objective of this paper is to advance the theoretical conceptualization and to develop a common definition. A literature search was performed in Medline, EMBASE and CINAHL (October 2010 to November 2020). The description of SV was extracted regarding three concepts: (1) involved persons, (2) content of action and (3) impact. Based on these concepts, a definition was proposed and discussed within the ERNST-COST consortium in 2021 and 2022. An international group of experts finalized the definition. In total, 83 publications were reviewed. Based on expert consensus, a second victim was defined as: "Any health care worker, directly or indirectly involved in an unanticipated adverse patient event, unintentional healthcare error, or patient injury and who becomes victimized in the sense that they are also negatively impacted". The proposed definition can be used to help to reduce the impact of incidents on both healthcare professionals and organizations, thereby indirectly improve healthcare quality, patient safety, person-centeredness and human resource management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.