ReviewCells2022
Innate Immune Memory in Monocytes and Macrophages: The Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Atherosclerosis.
Review in Cells, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis on application and prospect of cell therapy in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Macrophage Differentiation Selectively Downregulates RPS15A While Preserving RPL13A and RPL17 Expression in THP-1-Derived Macrophages.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Article
- Article
- Sepsis-Induced Exosomal Transfer ofCells · 2026Article
- Reprogramming macrophage metabolism for cardiovascular therapy: From molecular pathways to precision nanomedicine.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Article
- Dual-targeted lipid nanoparticles for TET3 siRNA delivery: nanobiotechnology strategy to remodel tumor immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Periodontitis-Induced Immune Reprogramming: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy Response.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Trained immunity in cancer and autoimmunity: a double-edged sword in immune memory reprogramming.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Emerging insights into inflammation-driven atherosclerosis: immune cell mechanisms.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Reframing macrophage polarization through cholesterol efflux: an organelle-coupled immunometabolic model.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Associations of Cholesin and GPR146 with atherosclerotic plaque stability: integrated bioinformatics and functional analyses.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Mucosal-associated invariant T cells correlate with myocardial ischaemia and remodelling in coronary artery disease.Clinical & translational immunology · 2025Article
- Features of Gene Regulation in Violation of the Inflammatory Response of Monocyte-like Cells Bearing Mitochondrial Mutations Associated with Atherosclerosis.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid and serum cytokine profiles in severe viral encephalitis with implications for refractory status epilepticus: a retrospective observational study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Observational
- Trained immunity in diabetes: emerging targets for cardiovascular complications.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Deciphering the role of SEMA4A/MAPK signaling in sepsis: insights from Mendelian randomization, transcriptomic, single-cell sequencing analyses, and vitro experiments.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Extract fromJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Exploring T Cell and NK Cell Involvement in Ankylosing Spondylitis Through Single-Cell Sequencing.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex metabolic disease characterized by the dysfunction of lipid metabolism and chronic inflammation in the intimal space of the vessel. As the most abundant innate immune cells, monocyte-derived macrophages play a pivotal role in the inflammatory response, cholesterol metabolism, and foam cell formation. In recent decades, it has been demonstrated that monocytes and macrophages can establish innate immune memory (also termed trained immunity) via endogenous and exogenous atherogenic stimuli and exhibit a long-lasting proinflammatory phenotype. The important cellular metabolism processes, including glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, fatty acid synthesis, and cholesterol synthesis, are reprogrammed. Trained monocytes/macrophages with innate immune memory can be persistently hyperactivated and can undergo extensive epigenetic rewiring, which contributes to the pathophysiological development of atherosclerosis via increased proinflammatory cytokine production and lipid accumulation. Here, we provide an overview of the regulation of cellular metabolic processes and epigenetic modifications of innate immune memory in monocytes/macrophages as well as the potential endogenous and exogenous stimulations involved in the progression of atherosclerosis that have been reported recently. These elucidations might be beneficial for further understanding innate immune memory and the development of therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases and atherosclerosis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.