ReviewBiomedicines2022
Biochemistry of Antioxidants: Mechanisms and Pharmaceutical Applications.
Review in Biomedicines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed.
- International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: effects of dietary antioxidants on exercise and sports performance.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Review
- Oxidative stress and inflammation in neurodegenerative disorders.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Beyond Tuberculosis: Unlocking the Antifungal Potential of Novel Isoniazid Derivatives against Non-ACS omega · 2026Article
- Translational Pharmaceutical Perspectives on Quinones as Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Agents in Diabetes and Its Complications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Edible coatings and films in meat preservation: Materials, functional mechanisms, and technological challenges.Veterinary world · 2026Review
- Morphological Traits, Accumulation and Compartmentalization of Phenolic Compounds and Cadmium (CDMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Lanthanide-based luminescent metal-organic framework as an optical sensing platform for rapid and reliable assessment of antioxidant activity in food samples.Mikrochimica acta · 2026Article
- Targeting Reduced Glutathione (GSH) to Promote Metabolic Health: Insights on the Role of Bioactive-Rich Foods and Fasting Protocols.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Integrated Phytochemical and Pharmacological Insights intoPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ameliorative effect of Annona muricata seed extract on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats: biochemical, histopathological, and in silico evidence of 5-alpha reductase inhibition.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Article
- Antioxidants: Mechanisms, Benefits, and the Importance of Extremophilic Microorganisms.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Coordinated Antioxidant and Physiological Responses at Flowering Promote Yield Stability in Salinity-Stressed Barley Genotypes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Towards the Development of Effective Antioxidants-The Molecular Structure and Properties-Part 2.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Green Extraction and Liposomal Encapsulation ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Comprehension of the Function of Antioxidants in Targeting Different Signaling Pathways to Cure Oxidative Stress-induced Hepatotoxicity.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Respiratory Function and Oxidative Stress in Smoking Zinc Smelter Workers Exposed to Lead.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- A Preliminary Study of Swell-Drying as an Innovative Process for Improving the Nutritional Quality of Dried Lucuma (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Role of Fruit-Derived Antioxidants in Fighting Cancer: A Narrative Review.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2025Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Natural antioxidants from fruits and vegetables, meats, eggs and fish protect cells from the damage caused by free radicals. They are widely used to reduce food loss and waste, minimizing lipid oxidation, as well as for their effects on health through pharmaceutical preparations. In fact, the use of natural antioxidants is among the main efforts made to relieve the pressure on natural resources and to move towards more sustainable food and pharmaceutical systems. Alternative food waste management approaches include the valorization of by-products as a source of phenolic compounds for functional food formulations. In this review, we will deal with the chemistry of antioxidants, including their molecular structures and reaction mechanisms. The biochemical aspects will also be reviewed, including the effects of acidity and temperature on their partitioning in binary and multiphasic systems. The poor bioavailability of antioxidants remains a huge constraint for clinical applications, and we will briefly describe some delivery systems that provide for enhanced pharmacological action of antioxidants via drug targeting and increased bioavailability. The pharmacological activity of antioxidants can be improved by designing nanotechnology-based formulations, and recent nanoformulations include nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, liposomes/proliposomes, phytosomes and solid lipid nanoparticles, all showing promising outcomes in improving the efficiency and bioavailability of antioxidants. Finally, an overview of the pharmacological effects, therapeutic properties and future choice of antioxidants will be incorporated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.