ArticleCancers2022
Association between Intratumoral CD8+ T Cells with FoxP3+ and CD163+ Cells: A Potential Immune Intrinsic Negative Feedback Mechanism for Acquired Immune Resistance.
Article in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Emerging Approaches in Breast Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms to Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies.Oncology research · 2026Review
- The heterogeneous and dynamic immune-tumor interface in breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- PTEN as a prognostic factor for radiotherapy plus immunotherapy response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Double-Multiplex Immunostainings for Immune Profiling of Invasive Breast Carcinoma: Emerging Novel Immune-Based Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The potential value of dual-energy CT radiomics in evaluating CD8Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- Modulation of the tumor microenvironment and mechanism of immunotherapy-based drug resistance in breast cancer.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Distinct profiles of proliferating CD8+/TCF1+ T cells and CD163+/PD-L1+ macrophages predict risk of relapse differently among treatment-naïve breast cancer subtypes.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Biomarkers in the Era of Precision Oncology.Cancers · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acquired immune resistance (AIR) describes a situation in which cancer patients who initially responded clinically to immunotherapies, after a certain period of time, progress with their disease. Considering that AIR represents a feedback response of the tumor against the immune attack generated during the course of immunotherapies, it is conceivable that AIR may also occur before treatment initiation as a mechanism to escape endogenous adaptive antitumor immunity (EAAI). In the present study, we assessed the EAAI in paraffin-embedded breast primary tumor tissue samples and drew correlations with the clinical outcomes. In particular, we analyzed densities of CD8+ cells as elements mediating antitumor cytotoxicity, and of CD163+ and FoxP3+ cells as suppressor elements. We found a direct correlation between the densities of CD8+ cells and of CD163+ and/or FoxP3+ cells in the vast majority of patients' tumors. Importantly, the vast majority of patients whose tumors were overpopulated by CD8+ cells developed AIR, which was characterized by high intratumoral CD163+ and/or FoxP3+ cell densities and reduced overall survival (OS). We also showed that AIR depends on the levels of CD8+ cell-ratios in the tumor center to the invasive margin. Our data suggest that tumors develop AIR only when under a robust endogenous immune pressure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.