ArticleCancers2022
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Article in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging Strategies in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pleural Mesothelioma: An Overview.Thoracic cancer · 2026Review
- Pivotal role of long non-coding RNA in the development of new therapeutic approaches for plural mesothelioma.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Strategic selection of MDM2 inhibitors enhances the efficacy of FAK inhibition in mesothelioma based on TP53 genotype.PloS one · 2026Article
- Interferon-Based Therapeutics in Cancer Therapy: Past, Present, and Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Role of Surgery in Pleural Mesothelioma: A Journey through the Evidence, MARS 2 and Beyond.Pulmonary therapy · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Strategies to Improve the Treatment of Pleural Mesothelioma.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Combining Chemotherapeutic Agents, Targeted Therapies, Vaccines and Natural Bioactive Compounds for Mesothelioma: Advances and Perspectives.Oncology research · 2025Review
- Contemporary management of mesothelioma.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2024Review
- Current State-of-the-Art Therapy for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma and Future Options Centered on Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2023Review
- Antitumoral effects of Bortezomib in malignant mesothelioma: evidence of mild endoplasmic reticulum stress in vitro and activation of T cell response in vivo.Biology direct · 2023Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Based Combination Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: An Overview.International journal of general medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many clinical trials have investigated the role of ICIs in PM, with contrasting results. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials testing single-agent anti-Programmed Death -1 (PD-1)/Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1), anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4) or combined treatment in PM patients, analyzing response and survival rate as well as safety data. We selected 17 studies including 2328 patients. Both OS and PFS rates were significantly higher with combined ICI treatments than with single agent anti-PD-1/PD-L1 (p < 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively) or anti CTLA-4 (p < 0.001) treatments. ORR and DCR for all ICI treatments were 20% (95% CI 13−27%) and 56% (95% CI 45−67%), respectively, and they did not significantly differ between combined and single agent treatments (p = 0.088 and p = 0.058, respectively). The 12-month OS and 6-month PFS rates did not differ significantly (p = 0.0545 and p = 0.1464, respectively) among pre-treated or untreated patients. Combined ICI treatments had a significantly higher rate of Adverse Events (AEs) (p = 0.01). PD-L1-positive patients had a higher probability of response and survival. In conclusion, combined ICI treatments have higher efficacy than single agents but are limited by higher toxicity. Efficacy was independent of treatment line, so a customized sequential strategy should still be speculated. PD-L1 expression could influence response to ICIs; however, reliable biomarkers are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.