ArticleScientific reports2022
The widely distributed soft coral Xenia umbellata exhibits high resistance against phosphate enrichment and temperature increase.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Ocean acidification and nitrate enrichment can mitigate negative effects of soft coral (Xenia) competition on hard coral (Stylophora pistillata) endosymbionts.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Spatio-temporal patterns of the incoming water flow in pulsating corals.The Journal of experimental biology · 2025Article
- Differential responses of hard coralPeerJ · 2025Article
- Temperature-dependent responses of the hard corals Acropora sp. and Pocillopora verrucosa to molecular hydrogen.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Physiology of the widespread pulsating soft coralEcology and evolution · 2023Article
- Short-term ocean acidification decreases pulsation and growth of the widespread soft coral Xenia umbellata.PloS one · 2023Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Both global and local factors affect coral reefs worldwide, sometimes simultaneously. An interplay of these factors can lead to phase shifts from hard coral dominance to algae or other invertebrates, particularly soft corals. However, most studies have targeted the effects of single factors, leaving pronounced knowledge gaps regarding the effects of combined factors on soft corals. Here, we investigated the single and combined effects of phosphate enrichment (1, 2, and 8 μM) and seawater temperature increase (26 to 32 °C) on the soft coral Xenia umbellata by quantifying oxygen fluxes, protein content, and stable isotope signatures in a 5-week laboratory experiment. Findings revealed no significant effects of temperature increase, phosphate enrichment, and the combination of both factors on oxygen fluxes. However, regardless of the phosphate treatment, total protein content and carbon stable isotope ratios decreased significantly by 62% and 7% under temperature increase, respectively, suggesting an increased assimilation of their energy reserves. Therefore, we hypothesize that heterotrophic feeding may be important for X. umbellata to sustain their energy reserves under temperature increase, highlighting the advantages of a mixotrophic strategy. Overall, X. umbellata shows a high tolerance towards changes in global and local factors, which may explain their competitive advantage observed at many Indo-Pacific reef locations.
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