ReviewDiabetes care2023
Etiology, Epidemiology, and Disparities in the Burden of Diabetic Foot Ulcers.
Review in Diabetes care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07119983 (Effect of Stress Ball Applied During Surgical Debridement/Dressing on Pain, Distress, and Physiological Parameters in Patients With Diabetic Foot Ulcers), which is not on this map. Cited by 629 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Stress Ball Applied During Surgical Debridement/Dressing on Pain, Distress, and Physiological Parameters in Patients With Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
629 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 972 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Epidemiology of Diabetic Foot: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Risk Factors for Foot-Related Hospitalisations in Adults With and Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2026Pooled it
- Diabetic Socks: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Commercially Available Products.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with intramuscular injection promote the healing of diabetic foot ulcers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- A Composite Ovine Forestomach Matrix and Hyaluronic Acid CAMP for the Treatment of Full Thickness Wounds of the Foot in People With Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.International wound journal · 2026Trial
- Predicting the Path to Attrition: Multidomain Risk Assessment in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Offloading Randomized Controlled Trials.Diabetes care · 2026Trial
- Artificial intelligence-guided nanozyme engineering for chronic wound healing: from rational design to precision therapeutics.Bioactive materials · 2027Review
- Ulcerated infantile hemangioma in the β-blocker era: recent advances.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Review
- AI-Enhanced Modular Material Selection for Patient-Specific Diabetic Insoles via Silicone Molding.Human factors · 2026Article
- MAFB Overexpression in Macrophages Promotes Wound Healing in Diabetic Foot Ulcer by Transcriptionally Activating WDR74 to Drive a Tissue-Repair Phenotype and Suppress Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- The burden of diabetic foot ulcers in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Observational
- Early Outpatient bFGF-Based Wound Care for Foot Lesions in Haemodialysis Patients: A Real-World Stepwise Limb-Salvage Strategy From Japan.International wound journal · 2026Observational
- Hydrogel microneedles loaded with engineered extracellular vesicles accelerate diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and modulating macrophage polarization.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Integrative transcriptomic and machine learning analysis identifies candidate biomarkers and immune features in diabetic ulcers.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- In Situ Genetic Engineering Facilitates MMP-9-Responsive TIMP1 Release Through Proteolytic Cleavage to Boost Diabetic Wound Healing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Genetic Association of VDR Polymorphism with Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence from Kerala, India.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Macrovascular burden profiles in diabetes-related foot ulceration: a latent class analysis of a regional Australian cohort.BMJ open · 2026Observational
- Intralesional Epidermal Growth Factor and Its Association with Reamputation and Level-Up Amputation in Diabetic Foot Patients with Post-Amputation Flap Necrosis: Clinical Outcomes and Macrophage Dynamics.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- Polyphosphate-crosslinked hydrogels: structural design and bioactivity for tissue engineering scaffolds.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Remote periosteal distraction promotes ischemic diabetic foot wound repair associated with VEGF/VEGFR2-related angiogenic responses.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
569 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a major source of preventable morbidity in adults with diabetes. Consequences of foot ulcers include decline in functional status, infection, hospitalization, lower-extremity amputation, and death. The lifetime risk of foot ulcer is 19% to 34%, and this number is rising with increased longevity and medical complexity of people with diabetes. Morbidity following incident ulceration is high, with recurrence rates of 65% at 3-5 years, lifetime lower-extremity amputation incidence of 20%, and 5-year mortality of 50-70%. New data suggest overall amputation incidence has increased by as much as 50% in some regions over the past several years after a long period of decline, especially in young and racial and ethnic minority populations. DFU are a common and highly morbid complication of diabetes. The pathway to ulceration, involving loss of sensation, ischemia, and minor trauma, is well established. Amputation and mortality after DFU represent late-stage complications and are strongly linked to poor diabetes management. Current efforts to improve care of patients with DFU have not resulted in consistently lower amputation rates, with evidence of widening disparities and implications for equity in diabetes care. Prevention and early detection of DFU through guideline-directed multidisciplinary care is critical to decrease the morbidity and disparities associated with DFU. This review describes the epidemiology, presentation, and sequelae of DFU, summarizes current evidence-based recommendations for screening and prevention, and highlights disparities in care and outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.