Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36544181›Full record

ArticleInjury epidemiology2022

Recreational off-highway vehicle exposure, safety behaviors and crash experiences among adolescents.

Charles A Jennissen, Sienna E Schaeffer, Pamela J Hoogerwerf, Kristel M Wetjen, Lauren J Mulford, Katharine L Champoux, Uche E Okoro, Gerene M Denning

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Injury epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Charles A Jennissen *Department of Emergency Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA. charles-jennissen@uiowa.edu.
Sienna E Schaeffer *Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.
Pamela J Hoogerwerf *Injury Prevention and Community Outreach, University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.
Kristel M Wetjen *Division of Pediatric Surgery, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Lauren J Mulford *Injury Prevention and Community Outreach, University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.
Katharine L Champoux *Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.
Uche E Okoro *Department of Emergency Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.
Gerene M Denning *Department of Emergency Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.
University of Iowa · USUniversity of Iowa Stead Family Children’s Hospital · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRecreational off-highway vehicles (ROVs), often called utility task vehicles (UTVs), are designed to be driven by those ≥ 16 years and manufacturers recommend passengers be at least 12 years old. This study's objective was to determine Iowa adolescents' exposure to ROVs, riders' use of restraint devices, and crash prevalence.

methodsAdolescents participating in the Safety Tips for ATV Riders (STARs) program at their schools were anonymously surveyed by the Iowa Off-Road Vehicle Safety Task Force from Fall 2014-Fall 2019. Frequency, bivariate (chi square and Fisher's exact test) and logistic regression analyses were performed using SAS software, V.9.4.

resultsA total of 4,023 students (9-18 years) from 18 school districts participated. Overall, 68% reported having ridden in an ROV. The proportions having ridden an ROV by where participants lived were farm (85%) > country/not farm (73%) > town (60%), p < 0.0001. Of those asked additional ROV questions (n = 2152), 39% of ROV riders reported riding at least weekly in the previous 12 months. Of those riding ROVs in the past year, 29% reported having at least one crash. Males and respondents living on farms had higher percentages reporting crashes, as compared to females (31% vs. 24%, p = 0.005) and those living elsewhere (35% vs. 24%, p = 0.0003). Thirty-seven percent of ROV riders never or almost never wore their seatbelt. Seatbelt use was inversely proportional to age, p < 0.001. A higher proportion of females reported always or almost always wearing a seat belt (42% vs. 36%, p = 0.0016). Percentages never or almost never wearing seatbelts by residence were farm (47%) > country/not farm (38%) > town (32%), p = 0.0005. Almost daily riders and those reporting having been in a crash were both 1.7 times more likely to never or almost never wear a seatbelt as compared to infrequent riders and those without a crash, respectively.

conclusionsIowa adolescents frequently ride ROVs and often without a seatbelt, putting them at greater risk for serious injury or death in a crash. Almost 30% of riders reported an ROV-related crash in the past year. Our study identified a high-risk population that could be targeted for ROV safety education and other injury prevention efforts.

Indexed as

AdolescentsCrashPediatricsRecreational off-highway vehiclesSeat beltsSide-by-side vehiclesUtility task vehicles

Identifiers

PMID36544181
PMCPMC9768869
OpenAlexW4312129151

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.