ArticleSkeletal muscle2022
The prevalence of low muscle mass associated with obesity in the USA.
Article in Skeletal muscle, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Surgical synergy or complication catalyst? Evaluating a meta-analysis of concomitant bariatric surgery and ventral hernia repair.Surgical endoscopy · 2025Pooled it
- The Effects of Incretin Mimetic Therapies on Muscle and Bone Health in Older Adults: A Narrative Review.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Review
- Targeting the activin/myostatin - actrii pathway to preserve skeletal muscle mass in obesity: mechanistic insights and therapeutic perspectives.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Association of sarcopenic obesity with advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and incident cardiovascular disease: a longitudinal and cross-sectional study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenic obesity in Thai people with diabetes: A cross-sectional study.Obesity pillars · 2026Article
- Accuracy of Body Composition Prediction Equations in Middle-Aged Females with Class II and III Obesity.Obesity surgery · 2026Article
- Maternal Obesity Leads to Muscle Dysfunction via H19-Mediated Programming of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 Signaling.Diabetes · 2026Article
- Multimodal Evaluation of Body Composition and Muscle Strength in Women Before and After Bariatric Surgery: A Clinical Observational Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- Bibliometric analysis of research on sarcopenia in rheumatoid arthritis: 1997-2025.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Causal Implication of CD52-Driven Immune Dysregulation in Sarcopenic Obesity: Integrating Mendelian Randomization and Multiomics Profiling.Clinical interventions in aging · 2026Article
- The Role of hs-CRP and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity in Young Populations: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2018.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Article
- Planetary health diet index and low muscle mass in adults aged 20-60 years: exploratory evaluation of a dairy-upweighted outcome-specific adaptation.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- The liver-muscle axis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a narrative review and conceptual framework for body-composition phenotyping.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Association of Healthy Eating Index-2020 with muscle mass among the middle-aged individuals - a cross-sectional study based on NHANES from 2011 to 2018.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Advancing Precision Diagnosis of Sarcopenic Obesity Through Digital Technologies, Wearables and Omics Data.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Treating Sarcopenic Obesity in the Era of Incretin Therapies: Perspectives and Challenges.Diabetes · 2025Review
- Application of nutrition interventions with GLP-1 based therapies: A narrative review of the challenges and solutions.Obesity pillars · 2025Review
- Association between residential proximity to major roadways and low muscle mass among Chinese older adults: a nationwide cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association of the skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio with metabolically healthy obesity and metabolically unhealthy non-obesity: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2011-2018.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
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8 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSarcopenia is defined as age-related low muscle mass and function, and can also describe the loss of muscle mass in certain medical conditions, such as sarcopenic obesity. Sarcopenic obesity describes loss of muscle and function in obese individuals; however, as sarcopenia is an age-related condition and obesity can occur in any age group, a more accurate term is obesity with low lean muscle mass (OLLMM). Given limited data on OLLMM (particularly in those aged < 65 years), the purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of OLLMM in adults aged ≥ 20 years in the USA.
methodsData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018 and 1999-2006 were used. OLLMM was defined as an appendicular lean mass, adjusted for body mass index (BMI), cut-off point < 0.789 for males and < 0.512 for females, measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). DXA was only measured in individuals 20-59 years old in NHANES 2017-2018; we therefore utilized logistic regression models to predict OLLMM from NHANES 1999-2006 for those aged ≥ 60 years. The prevalence of OLLMM was estimated overall, and by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and clinical subgroup (high BMI, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM], non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD] with fibrosis, or post-bariatric surgery). Prevalence estimates were extrapolated to the USA population using NHANES sampling weights.
resultsWe estimated that, during 2017-2018, 28.7 million or 15.9% of the USA population had OLLMM. The prevalence of OLLMM was greater in older individuals (8.1%, aged 20-59 years vs 28.3%, aged ≥ 60 years), highest (66.6%) in Mexican-American females aged ≥ 60 years, and lowest (2.6%) in non-Hispanic Black males aged 20-59 years. There was a higher prevalence of OLLMM in adults with prediabetes (19.7%), T2DM (34.5%), NAFLD with fibrosis (25.4%), or post-bariatric surgery (21.8%), compared with those without each condition.
conclusionsOverall, the burden of OLLMM in the USA is substantial, affecting almost 30 million adults. The prevalence of OLLMM increased with age, and among those with prediabetes, T2DM, NAFLD with fibrosis, or post-bariatric surgery. A unified definition of OLLMM will aid diagnosis and treatment strategies.
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