ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2023
What types of green space disrupt a lonelygenic environment? A cohort study.
Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Geographic Variation in Loneliness and Social Isolation in Australia: Socio-Demographic and Healthcare Utilisation Determinants.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Characteristics of parks associated with depression in women only: a cross-sectional study of 329,363 adults.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Walk for Mental Well-Being as a Third Place: A Qualitative Study of the Bathurst Men's Walk and Talk.The Australian journal of rural health · 2025Article
- The Dynamic Relationship between Social Cohesion and Urban Green Space in Diverse Communities: Opportunities and Challenges to Public Health.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Does urban greenness reduce loneliness and social isolation among Canadians? A cross-sectional study of middle-aged and older adults of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA).Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2024Article
- Impacts of urban green infrastructure on attentional functioning: insights from an fMRI study.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAssociations between green space type and social loneliness (a scarcity of people one feels they can depend on) were investigated in city-living participants in the Sax Institute's 45 and Up Study.
methodsAvailability of green space, tree canopy and open grass were measured as a percentage of land-use within 1.6 km road-network distance buffers using high-resolution data. Multilevel logistic regressions adjusted for confounding tested associations between each green space indicator with the odds of social loneliness at baseline (prevalence) and follow-up (incidence), adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic confounders.
resultsThe prevalence of social loneliness at baseline was 5.3% (n = 5627 /105,498). Incidence of social loneliness at follow-up was 3.4% (n = 1772/51,365). Adjusted regressions indicated reduced odds of prevalent (OR = 0.95, 95%CI = 0.92-0.98) and incident social loneliness with 10% more green space (OR = 0.92, 95%CI = 0.90- 0.96). Similar associations were found with a 10% increase in tree canopy for both prevalent (OR = 0.92, 95%CI = 0.88-0.95) and incident social loneliness (OR = 0.92, 95%CI = 0.88-0.97). Two-way interaction terms indicated effect modification by sex but not couple status. Among women, a 10% increase in total green space was associated with lower odds of prevalent (OR = 0.95, 0.91-0.95) and incident (OR = 0.89, 0.85-0.95) social loneliness. A 10% increase in tree canopy among women was associated with lower odds of prevalent (OR = 0.89, 085-0.92) and incident (OR = 0.85, 0.80-0.92) social loneliness. Meanwhile, a 10% increase in open grass among women was associated with higher odds of prevalent (OR = 1.08, 1.01-1.15) and incident (OR = 1.19, 1.03-1.35) social loneliness. Associations for men were statistically significant for a 10% increase in total green space (OR = 0.96, 0.92-0.99) and tree canopy (OR = 0.93, 0.90-0.97) for prevalent social loneliness only.
conclusionUrban greening and tree canopy restoration may reduce risks of social loneliness, perhaps especially in women.
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