ArticleNature communications2022
Chronic exposure to synthetic food colorant Allura Red AC promotes susceptibility to experimental colitis via intestinal serotonin in mice.
Article in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Akkermansia muciniphila supplementation alters inflammatory profiles across diverse models of colitis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Food Coloring Additives and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in the NutriNet-Santé Prospective Cohort.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Synthetic food pigment sunset yellow potentiates food allergy via immune dysregulation and intestinal barrier dysfunction.NPJ science of food · 2026Article
- Surface decoration of bacteria generates robust living therapeutics for improved ulcerative colitis therapy.Communications biology · 2026Article
- NiCd/ZnO nanocomposites: novel materials for photocatalytic degradation of Allura Red dye.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- A multi-omics approach elucidates the link between artificial food colorings and common cancers.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Recombinant production of amaranthin and other betalain variants with yeast cell factories.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2025Article
- In Vitro Investigation of the Effects of the Food Additives Monosodium Glutamate and Allura Red AC on the human Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Cell Lines.Journal of food science · 2025Article
- Food Additives: Emerging Detrimental Roles on Gut Health.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Review
- Diet's impact on gut microbial assemblage in health and disease.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Review
- Informatics for Food Processing.ArXiv · 2025Article
- BAHD acyltransferase from dragon fruit enables production of phyllocactin in engineered yeast.FEMS yeast research · 2025Article
- Food colorant brilliant blue causes persistent functional and structural changes in an in vitro simplified microbiota model system.ISME communications · 2025Article
- DAMP-ing IBD: Extinguish the Fire and Prevent Smoldering.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2025Review
- Elevated risk of adverse effects from foodborne contaminants and drugs in inflammatory bowel disease: a review.Archives of toxicology · 2024Review
- Allura Red AC is a xenobiotic. Is it also a carcinogen?Carcinogenesis · 2024Review
- Allergenic risk assessment of porcine myoglobin expressed by engineeredFundamental research · 2024Article
- Natural Pigments Recovery from Food By-Products: Health Benefits towards the Food Industry.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Chemicals in food are widely used leading to significant human exposure. Allura Red AC (AR) is a highly common synthetic colorant; however, little is known about its impact on colitis. Here, we show chronic exposure of AR at a dose found in commonly consumed dietary products exacerbates experimental models of colitis in mice. While intermittent exposure is more akin to a typical human exposure, intermittent exposure to AR in mice for 12 weeks, does not influence susceptibility to colitis. However, exposure to AR during early life primes mice to heightened susceptibility to colitis. In addition, chronic exposure to AR induces mild colitis, which is associated with elevated colonic serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) levels and impairment of the epithelial barrier function via myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). Importantly, chronic exposure to AR does not influence colitis susceptibility in mice lacking tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), the rate limiting enzyme for 5-HT biosynthesis. Cecal transfer of the perturbed gut microbiota by AR exposure worsens colitis severity in the recipient germ-free (GF) mice. Furthermore, chronic AR exposure elevates colonic 5-HT levels in naïve GF mice. Though it remains unknown whether AR has similar effects in humans, our study reveals that chronic long-term exposure to a common synthetic colorant promotes experimental colitis via colonic 5-HT in gut microbiota-dependent and -independent pathway in mice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.