ArticlePloS one2022
Chronic kidney disease in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease at primary healthcare centers in Korea.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between steatotic liver disease and chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study highlighting metabolic comorbidities.Nutrition & diabetes · 2026Pooled it
- Association of noninvasive tests of liver fibrosis with chronic kidney disease in MASLD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in the Korean General Population: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Non-Invasive Screening.Metabolites · 2025Review
- From Liver to Kidney: The Overlooked Burden of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Fatty Liver Index's Association with Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in Korean Middle-Aged Adults: A Community-Based Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence rates of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are expected to increase with the rising trends in diabetes and obesity associated with aging populations. Considering the impacts of coexistent NAFLD and CKD on morbidity and mortality rates, screening strategies for groups at high-risk of CKD are needed in community-dwelling individuals with NAFLD. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and distribution of CKD in NAFLD, as well as the risk factors for CKD and the correlation with liver fibrosis in asymptomatic individuals with NAFLD at primary healthcare centers in Korea.
methodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study used data from 13 health-promotion centers in 10 Korean cities. Liver steatosis and stiffness were assessed using ultrasonography and magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), respectively. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73m2, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio or proteinuria. CKD was categorized into four stages: no CKD, mild, moderate, and severe. Comparisons according to the CKD stages in NAFLD were performed using Student's t-test or the chi-square test. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for CKD and the correlation with liver fibrosis in NAFLD.
resultsThe prevalence of CKD was 12.4% in NAFLD. Albuminuria (16.2%) and proteinuria (8.0%) were more prevalent in NAFLD. NAFLD (odd ratio = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.09-1.48, P = 0.003) was independently associated with CKD of at least mild stage. However, there was no significant association between CKD of at least moderate stage and NAFLD after adjusting for age and a metabolically unhealthy status. CKD was associated with significant liver fibrosis as measured by MRE in NAFLD.
conclusionThe presence of NAFLD and liver fibrosis were independent risk factors for CKD, but NAFLD was not an independent risk factor for the later stages of CKD.
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