ArticlePloS one2022
Characteristics and predictors of Long COVID among diagnosed cases of COVID-19.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oral Manifestations in the Post COVID-19 Condition: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.Reviews in medical virology · 2025Pooled it
- The prolonged health sequelae "of the COVID-19 pandemic" in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Cardiovascular diseases as risk factors of post-COVID syndrome: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Post-COVID syndrome prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Characterizing health-related quality of life and identifying disease predictors among patients suspected of having long COVID: an analysis of COMET-ICE clinical trial data.Frontiers in public health · 2024Trial
- Three-Month Symptom Profiles Among Symptomatic Adults With Positive and Negative Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Tests: A Prospective Cohort Study From the INSPIRE Group.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Neurocognitive and psychological symptoms in post COVID-19 patients (PASC24): prospective cohort study protocol.BMJ open · 2026Observational
- Long COVID and Its Impact on Daily Functioning: Findings from the Si-Panda Behavioural Insights Survey in Slovenia.Zdravstveno varstvo · 2026Article
- COVID-19 symptom duration: evidence from a survey of infected workers in Tokyo.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Functional impact of long COVID among healthcare workers with comorbidities in Quebec, Canada: a cross-sectional study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and impact of long COVID on health-related quality of life in previously hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a 2-year follow-up study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Personalized risk score for post-COVID-19 condition: Bayesian directed acyclic graphic approach.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2025Article
- Association of COVID vaccinations and treatments with long COVID beyond 6 months: a case-control study on the adult population in a large integrated healthcare system in the United States from 2020 to 2023.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Do Long COVID and COVID Vaccine Side Effects Share Pathophysiological Picture and Biochemical Pathways?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Long-COVID symptom burden and the experience of adversity: the importance of response-shift effects over 3 years of the pandemic.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Cardiac symptoms in patients 3-6 months after contracting COVID-19- data from the polish STOP-COVID registry.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- COVID-19 and neuropathy in type 2 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Symptoms and Otorhinolaryngological Sequalae in Long Covid.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2025Article
- Early biomarkers in hospitalized patients as predictors of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a one-year cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Minority health social vulnerability index and long COVID illness among a statewide, population-based study of adults with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed SARS-CoV-2.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLong COVID or long-term symptoms after COVID-19 has the ability to affect health and quality of life. Knowledge about the burden and predictors could aid in their prevention and management. Most of the studies are from high-income countries and focus on severe acute COVID-19 cases. We did this study to estimate the incidence and identify the characteristics and predictors of Long COVID among our patients. METHODOLOGY: We recruited adult (≥18 years) patients who were diagnosed as Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR) confirmed SARS-COV-2 infection and were either hospitalized or tested on outpatient basis. Eligible participants were followed up telephonically after four weeks and six months of diagnosis of SARS-COV-2 infection to collect data on sociodemographic, clinical history, vaccination history, Cycle threshold (Ct) values during diagnosis and other variables. Characteristics of Long COVID were elicited, and multivariable logistic regression was done to find the predictors of Long COVID.
resultsWe have analyzed 487 and 371 individual data with a median follow-up of 44 days (Inter quartile range (IQR): 39,47) and 223 days (IQR:195,251), respectively. Overall, Long COVID was reported by 29.2% (95% Confidence interval (CI): 25.3%,33.4%) and 9.4% (95% CI: 6.7%,12.9%) of participants at four weeks and six months of follow-up, respectively. Incidence of Long COVID among patients with mild/moderate disease (n = 415) was 23.4% (95% CI: 19.5%,27.7%) as compared to 62.5% (95% CI: 50.7%,73%) in severe/critical cases(n = 72) at four weeks of follow-up. At six months, the incidence among mild/moderate (n = 319) was 7.2% (95% CI:4.6%,10.6%) as compared to 23.1% (95% CI:12.5%,36.8%) in severe/critical (n = 52). The most common Long COVID symptom was fatigue. Statistically significant predictors of Long COVID at four weeks of follow-up were-Pre-existing medical conditions (Adjusted Odds ratio (aOR) = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.16,3.44), having a higher number of symptoms during acute phase of COVID-19 disease (aOR = 11.24, 95% CI: 4.00,31.51), two doses of COVID-19 vaccination (aOR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.17,4.58), the severity of illness (aOR = 5.71, 95% CI: 3.00,10.89) and being admitted to hospital (Odds ratio (OR) = 3.89, 95% CI: 2.49,6.08).
conclusionA considerable proportion of COVID-19 cases reported Long COVID symptoms. More research is needed in Long COVID to objectively assess the symptoms and find the biological and radiological markers.
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