ArticlePharmaceutical research2023
In Vitro Comparison of Local Nasal Vaccine Delivery and Correlation with Device Spray Performance.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Design and Evaluation of Nasal Drug Delivery for Central Nervous System Disease from Experimental to Clinical Application.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Engineering a medical device for intranasal immunisation: ensuring targeted delivery and formulation stability.Frontiers in drug delivery · 2026Article
- Advancements in Nanocarrier Systems for Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A Cell-Based Nasal Model for Screening the Deposition, Biocompatibility, and Transport of Aerosolized PLGA Nanoparticles.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study is the first vaccine candidate in vitro investigation with a focus on finding a correlation between the spray characteristics and the delivery efficiency of the local deposition in the nasal airways of infants under 24 months using various intranasal devices.
methodsIn vitro tests were developed to measure the spray characteristics of four intranasal delivery devices and how they regionally deliver a candidate vaccine formulation matrix in five nasal airway replicas (3 to 24 months). The correlation between the spray performance, geometric parameters, and delivery efficiency were assessed.
resultsAll four devices performed consistently in terms of spray characteristics and were capable of delivering a high percentage of the candidate vaccine to the target areas, with a minimum delivery efficiency of 80%. Moreover, the delivery efficiency was affected by either the spray droplet size distribution or the distance between the nozzle tip and the internal nasal valve. Correlations between the spray performance and the in vitro local dose deposition were established.
conclusionThe infant nasal model tests can be complementary to device spray performance evaluation. In the absence of in vivo correlations, they can also facilitate the process of new product development by estimating delivery a priori.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.