ReviewNPJ vaccines2022
Challenges and developments in universal vaccine design against SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Review in NPJ vaccines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trivalent recombinant protein vaccine induces cross-neutralization against XBB lineage and JN.1 subvariants: preclinical and phase 1 clinical trials.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Intranasal drop of multiplex RNA therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infections: baicalein-enhanced FEN1 nuclease cleaving as a virus buster.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- An Engineered Spike Immunogen Drives Broad Protection of a Bivalent Recombinant Protein COVID-19 Vaccine in Animal Models.Viruses · 2026Article
- A novel monoclonal antibody targeting the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase of peste des petits ruminants virus maintains neutralizing activity by blocking viral adsorption and receptor interaction.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Production of mannosylated hrsACE2 by baculovirus expression system; the way to remove and redirect SARS-CoV-2 viral particles to macrophages.Biotechnology letters · 2026Article
- Development of a recombinant single-cycle influenza viral vector as an intranasal vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Computational design of an ultrapotent deltacoronavirus miniprotein inhibitor.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- A Modular Vaccine Platform Against SARS-CoV-2 Based on Self-Assembled Protein Nanoparticles.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Nucleocapsid protein enhances spike- and RBD-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in protein-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Universal broad-spectrum mucosal vaccine design for human coronaviruses inspired by artificial antibodies.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Alternative antigen retention by a gp96-fusion approach induces long-lasting and broad immunity in mice.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Development of a Recombinant Single-Cycle Influenza Viral Vector as an Intranasal Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-like Betacoronaviruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Impact of vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 infections and long COVID symptoms: a cross-sectional study in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
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- Neuropilin-1: A Conserved Entry Receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and a Potential Therapeutic Target.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- XBB.1.5 RBD-Based Bivalent Vaccines Induced Antibody Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Mice.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Computational Design and Evaluation of Peptides to Target SARS-CoV-2 Spike-ACE2 Interaction.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had become a global concern because of its unexpectedly high pathogenicity and transmissibility. SARS-CoV-2 variants that reduce the immune protection elicited from previous vaccination or natural infection raise challenges in controlling the spread of the pandemic. The development of universal vaccines against these variants seems to be a practical solution to alleviate the physical and economic effects caused by this disease, but it is hard to achieve. In this review, we describe the high mutation rate of RNA viruses and dynamic molecular structures of SARS-CoV-2 variants in several major neutralizing epitopes, trying to answer the question of why universal vaccines are difficult to design. Understanding the biological basis of immune evasion is crucial for combating these obstacles. We then summarize several advancements worthy of further study, including heterologous prime-boost regimens, construction of chimeric immunogens, design of protein nanoparticle antigens, and utilization of conserved neutralizing epitopes. The fact that some immunogens can induce cross-reactive immune responses against heterologous coronaviruses provides hints for universal vaccine development. We hope this review can provide inspiration to current universal vaccine studies.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.