ArticleInfectious diseases now2023
Immune debt: Recrudescence of disease and confirmation of a contested concept.
Abstract readEditorialComment
In one paragraph
Article in Infectious diseases now, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence, risk factors, and early prediction of refractory pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Paediatric Healthcare Utilisation Trends From the Pre-Pandemic Period Through Two Years Post-COVID-19: Evidence From a Nationwide Big-Data Analysis.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- Increased respiratory pathogen positivity and diversity in hospitalized children following the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia.New microbes and new infections · 2026Article
- Changes in the incidence and profile of pediatric tuberculosis in France from 2014 to 2023: impact of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions implementation and lifting.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- A multicenter retrospective study on severe complications of acute otitis media and sinusitis in healthy children in the context of covid pandemic - CAOS-kids.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of Kawasaki Disease After the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan 2023-2024.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Post-pandemic resurgence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and its emerging link with Rhinovirus in children.Infection · 2026Article
- Resurgence of Influenza Following the Lifting of Non-pharmaceutical Interventions in Shenzhen, China.Journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Age-polarized burden of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza, 1990-2021: global-China evidence for a shift toward older adults.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Impacts of relaxed mask policies on COVID-19 epidemics: a modeling study in South Korea.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Pandemic-associated disruption of seasonal mortality patterns in Lusaka, Zambia.BMJ global health · 2026Observational
- The impact of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions on notifiable infectious diseases in Poland: a comprehensive analysis from 2014-2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Respiratory syncytial virus in infants ≤2 months in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era: shifting patterns and outcomes.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Clinical Course of Influenza in Hospitalised Children in the Years 2017-2025.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Pathogen trends and paradigm shifts of respiratory infections in children: a 5-year retrospective study from Perugia.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- A novel targeted hybrid capture-NGS assay for sensitive detection of multiplex respiratory pathogens.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Genotype turnover and global evolutionary dynamics of G gene duplication variants in human metapneumovirus: insights from prospective surveillance in Nantong, China, 2024-2025.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Epidemiological characteristics of childhood infectious diseases at Qingyang maternal and child health care hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic and the post-pandemic period.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Changes in the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Mainland China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Pediatrics advances in 2024: choices in allergy, cardiology, critical care, endocrinology, gastroenterology, immunology, infectious diseases, neonatology, nephrology, neurology, nutrition, palliative care respiratory tract illnesses, and social media.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Comment on
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Robert CohenACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France.
Corinne LevyACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France; AFPA, Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire, Orléans, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France. Electronic address: corinne.levy@activ-france.fr.
Alexis RybakACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Department of Pediatric, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris University Hospital, Paris, France.
François AngoulvantGPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Service de pédiatrie, Département femme-mère-enfant, CHU, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, Lausanne, Suisse.
Naim OuldaliACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; GPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Department of Pediatric, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris University Hospital, Paris, France.
Emmanuel GrimprelGPIP, Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Créteil, France; Department of Pediatric, Trousseau Hospital, APHP Paris, France, Sorbonne University, France.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Immune System PhenomenaRecurrenceHumansChildrenImmune debtInfectious disease
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.