SynthesisGeneral hospital psychiatry
Prevalence of depression in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients: An umbrella review of meta-analyses.
Synthesis in General hospital psychiatry. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06945627 (Profiling Vulnerability and Resilience for Mental Illness Following Viral Infections), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Profiling Vulnerability and Resilience for Mental Illness Following Viral Infections: Translating Epidemiology to Deep-phenotyping
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Possible temporal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Do immune system and microbiome-gut-brain axis interactions associate with major depressive disorder?Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Cytokine Blockade Attenuates Inflammation and Improves Depressive Psychopathology After COVID-19: A Naturalistic Observational Study.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Observational
- Cognitive reserve, depressive symptoms, obesity, and change in employment status predict mental processing speed and executive function after COVID-19.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Observational
- Sex-Specific Inflammatory Profiles Affect Neuropsychiatric Issues in COVID-19 Survivors.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of COVID-19 Disease and Post COVID Syndrome: The Role of N-acetylcysteine and Acetyl-L-carnitine.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Review
- Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Psychiatry: Focus on Depressive Disorders.Current epidemiology reports · 2024Article
- Portrait of mental health identified by people with the post-covid syndrome.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Article
- Breaking free from the inflammatory trap of depression: Regulating the interplay between immune activation and plasticity to foster mental health.Neuroscience applied · 2024Review
- Protective Behaviors Against COVID-19 and Related Factors in Korean Adults With Depressive Symptoms: Results From an Analysis of the 2020 Korean Community Health Survey.Psychiatry investigation · 2024Article
- Occurrence, co-occurrence and persistence of symptoms of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in survivors of COVID-19 critical illness.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2024Observational
- Who are the superheroes? A cross-sectional study on the determinants of good health among Italian older adults.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2023Article
- The impact of COVID-19-pandemic-related adversity on mental health: longitudinal study in Dutch populations with and without mental health disorders.BJPsych open · 2023Article
- In Between the Psychological and Physiological Self - The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Neuro-Socio-Ecological and Inflammatory Mind-Body-Brain System.Clinical neuropsychiatry · 2023Article
- The Burden of Survivorship: Survivor Guilt and Its Association with Psychiatric Sequelae in COVID-19 Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The Role of Diet and Specific Nutrients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Have We Learned over the Last Three Years?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Digital technology and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review with a focus on depression, anxiety, stress, and trauma.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic is still spreading worldwide two years after its outbreak. Depression has been reported in around 30% of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. We aim to synthesize the available meta-analytical evidence in an umbrella review exploring the prevalence of depression during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
methodsFirst, we performed a narrative umbrella review including only meta-analyses providing a quantitative summary of the prevalence of depression during or after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Then we extracted the prevalence and sample size from the original studies included in each meta-analysis, and after removing duplicate studies, we performed a random-effects model meta-analysis based on single original study estimates. Heterogeneity, publication bias, leave-one-out sensitivity, and subgroup analyses were performed.
results14 meta-analyses were included in the umbrella review. The prevalence of depression ranged from 12% to 55% in the presence of high heterogeneity. The meta-analysis based on 85 original studies derived from the included 14 meta-analyses showed a pooled prevalence of depression of 31% (95% CI:25-38%) in the presence of high and significant heterogeneity (Q = 8988; p < 10
conclusionThe burden of post-COVID depression substantially exceeds the pre-pandemic prevalence. Health care services for COVID-19 survivors should monitor and treat emergent depression, reducing its potential detrimental long-term effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.