ArticleJAMA pediatrics2023
Trends in Homicide Rates for US Children Aged 0 to 17 Years, 1999 to 2020.
Article in JAMA pediatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intimate Partner Violence and Children's Health After Parental Separation: Development and Psychometric Testing of the HELP-T Scale.Child maltreatment · 2026Article
- Trends and Disparities in Firearm Homicides in the USA, 2018-2024.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Applying the Public Health Approach to Prevent Targeted Violence in the United States.Psychology of violence · 2026Article
- Homicides among people with disabilities, United States, 2003-2022.Injury epidemiology · 2025Article
- Death by Neighborhood: Preliminary Results on Disparities in Violent Deaths by Neighborhood Opportunity With the Child Opportunity Index 3.0.AJPM focus · 2025Article
- "Part of the abuse is not letting me get him medical care": A qualitative examination of children's unmet health needs in the context of post-separation abuse.Child abuse & neglect · 2025Article
- Racial and ethnic differences in fatal child abuse and neglect and the intersection of community poverty: U.S., 2003 to 2022.Child protection and practice · 2025Article
- Firearm and Motor Vehicle Pediatric Deaths-Intersections of Age, Sex, Race, and Ethnicity.JAMA pediatrics · 2025Article
- Firearm-related Hospitalizations and Newly Acquired Morbidities in Children and Adolescents: A Nationally Representative Study.Journal of pediatric surgery · 2025Article
- Perpetrator characteristics and firearm use in pediatric homicides: Supplementary Homicide Reports - United States, 1976 to 2020.Injury epidemiology · 2024Article
- Firearms and post-separation abuse: Providing context behind the data on firearms and intimate partner violence.Journal of advanced nursing · 2024Article
- Increased homicide played a key role in driving Black-White disparities in life expectancy among men during the COVID-19 pandemic.PloS one · 2024Article
- Children betrayed: The unseen victims of domestic violence and how law enforcement can better protect them.Policing (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- A Transdisciplinary Analysis of Domestic Violence Homicides in Harris County, Texas (2016-2020).Homicide studies · 2023Article
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8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Importance: Homicide is a leading cause of death among children in the US. Objective: To examine trends in child homicide rates and characteristics most commonly associated with these deaths. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this cross-sectional study, the study team used National Vital Statistics System WONDER mortality data for 38 362 homicide victims aged 0 to 17 years for 1999 to 2020 and National Violent Death Reporting System data for child homicide victims for 2003 to 2019 in 45 states, Washington, DC, and Puerto Rico. WONDER data are based on death certificates for US residents. National Violent Death Reporting System data include characteristics of violent deaths, linking information from death certificates, and law enforcement, coroner, and medical examiner reports. Exposures: Child homicide was defined using underlying cause-of-death codes U01 to U02, X85 to Y09, and Y87.1 from the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification. Main Outcomes and Measures: Trends in homicide rates per 100 000 children were tested using joinpoint regression analysis; differences in rates from 2019 to 2020 were evaluated using z tests. Circumstances of child homicides were described. Results: This study included 38 362 homicide victims (69.4% male). The overall child homicide rate (per 100 000 children) has increased annually, on average 4.3% since 2013, with a precipitous rise from 2019 to 2020 (2019 rate, 2.2; 2020 rate, 2.8; overall increase of 27.7%). Homicide rates recently increased significantly for boys (2018 rate, 2.9; 2020 rate, 4.1; overall increase of 16.1%), 6- to 10-year-olds (2014 rate, 0.5; 2020 rate, 0.8; overall increase of 5.6%), 11- to 15-year-olds (2018 rate, 1.3; 2020 rate, 2.2; overall increase of 26.9%), 16- to 17-year-olds (2018 rate, 6.6; 2020 rate, 10.0; overall increase of 19.0%), Black children (2012 rate, 5.9; 2018 rate, 6.8; 2020 rate, 9.9; overall increase of 16.6% from 2018 to 2020), Hispanic children (2014 rate, 1.6; 2020 rate, 2.2; overall increase of 4.7%), children in the South (2013 rate, 2.1; 2020 rate, 3.5; overall increase of 6.4%), and in rural (2011 rate, 1.8; 2020 rate, 2.4; overall increase of 3.2%) and urban areas (2013 rate, 1.9; 2020 rate, 2.9; overall increase of 4.4%). Since 1999, homicide rates have decreased for girls (1999 rate, 1.9; 2020 rate, 1.5; overall decrease of 1.4%), infants (1999 rate, 8.7; 2020 rate, 6.6; overall decrease of 1.3%), 1- to 5-year-olds (1999 rate, 2.1; 2020 rate, 1.8; overall decrease of 1.0%), Asian or Pacific Islander children (1999 rate, 2.0; 2020 rate, 0.5; overall decrease of 4.4%), White children (1999 rate, 1.5; 2020 rate, 1.3; overall decrease of 0.7%), and children in the Northeast (1999 rate, 2.0; 2020 rate, 1.7; overall decrease of 1.4%). Homicides of children 10 years or younger were most commonly precipitated by abuse/neglect, perpetrated by parents/caregivers. Homicides of 11- to 17-year-olds were most commonly precipitated by crime and arguments and perpetrated by someone known to them, especially friends and acquaintances. Conclusions and Relevance: The decline in homicide rates for some geographic and child demographic groups is encouraging; however, rates recently increased across several subpopulations, with some racial and ethnic disparities persisting for more than 20 years. More targeted strategies are needed to (1) protect 6- to 10-year-olds, 11- to 17-year-olds, and children in certain geographic areas and (2) urgently address firearm violence, racism, and inequities at the root of youth violence.
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