ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2023
Circulating FGF21 Concentration, Fasting Plasma Glucose, and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the PREVEND Study.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multidimensional Predictors of Tirzepatide Efficacy: Clinical, Genetic, and Molecular Biomarkers for Glycemic, Weight, and Organ Protection.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated with Increased Plasma Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Survivors: Implications for Therapy and Diagnosis.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026Article
- Circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 is associated with blood pressure in the Chinese population: a community-based study.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Emerging Biomarkers and Nanobiosensing Strategies in Diabetes.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Physical Exercise as a Therapeutic Approach for Patients Living with Type 2 Diabetes: Does the Explanation Reside in Exerkines?-A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- FGF21 is a novel biomarker to predict fragility fractures in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The myokine FGF21 associates with enhanced survival in ALS and mitigates stress-induced cytotoxicity.Aging · 2025Article
- Blood immuno-metabolic biomarker signatures of depression and affective symptoms in young adults.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- A scoring model integrating CXCL9, GDF15, FGF21, and NfL, predicts long-term mortality in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Hepato-Renal Crosstalk in Acute and Chronic Disease: From Shared Pathways to Therapeutic Targets.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Higher circulating FGF21, lower protein intake, and lower muscle mass: Associations with a higher risk of mortality.Journal of internal medicine · 2025Article
- Liver-Kidney Crosstalk in Major Pediatric Diseases: Unraveling the Complexities and Clinical Challenges.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Circulating FGF21 and Ketone Bodies Modify the Risk of MASLD and Mortality: Insights from the PREVEND Cohort Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Development of an iridium complex fluorescent probe for FGF21 protein labeling and tracking.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Skeletal muscle growth to combat diabetes and obesity: the potential role of muscle-secreted factors.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Review
- Establishment of a Direct Competitive ELISA for Camel FGF21 Detection.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Hepatic lipogenesis marked by GCKR-modulated triglycerides increases serum FGF21 in children/teens with obesity.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Defective FGFR1 Signaling Disrupts Glucose Regulation: Evidence From Humans WithJournal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Metabolic and inflammatory perturbation of diabetes associated gut dysbiosis in people living with and without HIV infection.Genome medicine · 2024Article
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Fascinating Perspective on the Regulation of Muscle Metabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveFibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a peptide hormone synthesized by several organs and regulates, among others, energy homeostasis. In obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D), higher circulating FGF21 concentrations have been found. Temporal analyses in murine studies demonstrate that FGF21 increases before insulin resistance occurs. The current study aims to investigate in time-to-event analyses whether FGF21 may be an early biomarker in the development of T2D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsCirculating FGF21 was measured using an immunoassay of the Mesoscale U-PLEX assay platform. The study outcome was incident T2D. Associations of circulating FGF21 concentration with T2D were quantified using Cox proportional hazards models with adjustments for potential confounders.
resultsWe included 5244 participants aged 52 ± 12 years, of whom 50% were male. Median [interquartile range] circulating FGF21 concentration was 860 [525-1329] pg/mL. During 7.3 [6.1-7.7] years of follow-up, 299 (5.7%) participants developed T2D. In fully adjusted analyses, higher circulating FGF21 concentration was associated with an increased risk of incident T2D (hazard ratio per doubling: 1.26 [95% CI, 1.06-1.51]; P = 0.008), with effect modification by fasting plasma glucose, consistent with strengthening of the association at lower fasting glucose (interaction coefficient: -0.12; P = 0.022).
conclusionHigher circulating FGF21 concentrations are independently associated with an increased risk of incident T2D in participants with a low fasting plasma glucose, making circulating FGF21 concentration a potential early biomarker for type 2 diabetes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.