ArticleFrontiers in oncology2022
NK cells reduce anergic T cell development in early-stage tumors by promoting myeloid cell maturation.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unconventional functions of natural killer cells in homeostasis and disease.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Review
- Review
- T Cell Resistance: On the Mechanisms of T Cell Non-activation.Immune network · 2024Review
- Differential T cell accumulation within intracranial and subcutaneous melanomas is associated with differences in intratumoral myeloid cells.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Killer instincts: natural killer cells as multifactorial cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Introduction: Studies of NK cells in tumors have primarily focused on their direct actions towards tumor cells. We evaluated the impact of NK cells on expression of homing receptor ligands on tumor vasculature, intratumoral T cell number and function, and T cell activation in tumor draining lymph node. Methods: Using an implantable mouse model of melanoma, T cell responses and homing receptor ligand expression on the vasculature were evaluated with and without NK cells present during the early stages of the tumor response by flow cytometry. Results: NK cells in early-stage tumors are one source of IFNγ that augments homing receptor ligand expression. More significantly, NK cell depletion resulted in increased numbers of intratumoral T cells with an anergic phenotype. Anergic T cell development in tumor draining lymph node was associated with increased T-cell receptor signaling but decreased proliferation and effector cell activity, and an incomplete maturation phenotype of antigen presenting cells. These effects of NK depletion were similar to those of blocking CD40L stimulation. Discussion: We conclude that an important function of NK cells is to drive proper APC maturation
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