SynthesisNeurosurgical review2022
Augmented and virtual reality usage in awake craniotomy: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Neurosurgical review, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Awake craniotomy and language assessment in deaf patients: a systematic review of feasibility, communication strategies, and outcomes.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Awake craniotomy during pregnancy: A systematic review of the published literature.Neurosurgical review · 2023Pooled it
- Comparing augmented reality-assisted and freehand external ventricular drain placement: a multicenter randomized controlled crossover phantom study.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Trial
- Navigating the unthinkable: brain herniation due to glioma after pregnancy termination.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Feasibility and workflow analysis of IV-DSA-based augmented reality-guided brain arteriovenous malformation resection in a hybrid operating room: i-Flow tailored method.Journal of neurointerventional surgery · 2025Article
- Article
- Virtual Reality in Awake brain Surgery (VIRAS) stage I: Proof of concept and tolerance validation during scheduled orthopedic surgery.PloS one · 2025Article
- Review
- [Progress in neurosurgical treatment of neurofibromatosis type 1].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2024Review
- Advancements in Imaging and Neurosurgical Techniques for Brain Tumor Resection: A Comprehensive Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- The Integration of 3D Virtual Reality and 3D Printing Technology as Innovative Approaches to Preoperative Planning in Neuro-Oncology.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Virtual reality-based surgical planning simulator for tumorous resection in FreeForm Modeling: an illustrative case of clinical teaching.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2024Article
- Augmented Reality-Assisted Navigation System for Transforaminal Epidural Injection.Journal of pain research · 2023Article
- External ventricular drainage in modern neurosurgical practice: optimization, standardization, and emerging guidance technologies.Frontiers in neurologyReview
- Suicidal ideation and attempts in brain tumor patients and survivors: A systematic review.Neuro-oncology advancesReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Augmented and virtual reality (AR, VR) are becoming promising tools in neurosurgery. AR and VR can reduce challenges associated with conventional approaches via the simulation and mimicry of specific environments of choice for surgeons. Awake craniotomy (AC) enables the resection of lesions from eloquent brain areas while monitoring higher cortical and subcortical functions. Evidence suggests that both surgeons and patients benefit from the various applications of AR and VR in AC. This paper investigates the application of AR and VR in AC and assesses its prospective utility in neurosurgery. A systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Our search results yielded 220 articles. A total of six articles consisting of 118 patients have been included in this review. VR was used in four papers, and the other two used AR. Tumour was the most common pathology in 108 patients, followed by vascular lesions in eight patients. VR was used for intraoperative mapping of language, vision, and social cognition, while AR was incorporated in preoperative training of white matter dissection and intraoperative visualisation and navigation. Overall, patients and surgeons were satisfied with the applications of AR and VR in their cases. AR and VR can be safely incorporated during AC to supplement, augment, or even replace conventional approaches in neurosurgery. Future investigations are required to assess the feasibility of AR and VR in various phases of AC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.