ReviewCancer communications (London, England)2023
Comparative risk of acute kidney injury among cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Review in Cancer communications (London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolving epidemiology and improving safety of rechallenge in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated acute kidney injury: an updated meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in genitourinary cancers with advanced chronic kidney disease.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Immune-Mediated Nephropathy: A Real-World Pharmacovigilance Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related acute kidney injury: A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for nephrologists.World journal of nephrology · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibition and heart injury: molecular mechanisms and clinical challenges.ESC heart failure · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced nephrotic syndrome: a pharmacovigilance analysis of 404 FAERS cases and literature case series.Renal failure · 2025Article
- The differentiation and intervention strategies for acute kidney injury after or induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors.American journal of cancer research · 2025Review
- Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors and acute kidney injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Bibliometric and visual analysis of immunisation associated with acute kidney injury from 2003 to 2023.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Comparative risk of acute kidney injury among cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2023Review
- The renal damage and mechanisms relevant to antitumoral drugs.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Is MG53 a potential therapeutic target for cancer?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Prediction Models and Prognostic Analysis of Immune-Related Acute Kidney Injury in Lung Cancer Patients.Technology in cancer research & treatmentArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
With the development and introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer patients, immune-related side effects have increasingly attracted attention. However, the risks of immune-related renal toxicity are poorly characterized. In this study, we performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) of ICI-related randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to elucidate the comparative risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in cancer patients receiving different ICIs. We also sought to identify other factors potentially affecting the risk of AKI. PubMed and EMBASE were searched for peer-reviewed trial reports published between January 2000 and May 2021. Eligible studies were RCTs studying ICIs in cancer patients and reporting AKI data. We performed a frequentist NMA to evaluate the risk ratios for grade 1-5 and grade 3-5 AKI between the treatment groups. We also assessed the absolute incidence of AKI in the ICI-containing arm using traditional direct meta-analysis. Once significant heterogeneity was detected in a traditional direct meta-analysis, multivariable meta-regression analysis was applied to identify factors that significantly affected the absolute incidence of AKI. A total of 85 RCTs were included in this study. In the NMA for the risk of grade 1-5 and 3-5 AKI, ipilimumab showed a significantly higher risk than avelumab and durvalumab, whereas 1 mg/kg nivolumab plus 3 mg/kg ipilimumab (N1I3) showed a significantly higher risk than other groups. In terms of treatment ranking, durvalumab ± low-dose tremelimumab and avelumab were consistently among the top three safest treatments for grade 1-5 or 3-5 AKI, whereas N1I3, ipilimumab and tremelimumab were consistently among the top three treatments with the highest risk for grade 1-5 or 3-5 AKI. Compared with other cancers, renal cell carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma showed a significantly higher risk of AKI. The incidence of AKI was significantly higher with ICI+chemotherapy than with ICI monotherapy. In this NMA involving large-scale up-to-date ICI trials, we demonstrated the comparative safety of existing ICI drugs for grade 1-5 and grade 3-5 AKI. Based on data from the ICI arms of these trials, we also revealed several potential risk factors for immune-related AKI, including tumor type and treatment paradigm.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.