Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36527382›Full record

ArticleJournal of global health2022

Impact of the national drug price negotiation policy on the utilization, cost, and accessibility of anticancer medicines in China: A controlled interrupted time series study.

Lele Cai, Tiantian Tao, Hongtao Li, Zhuolin Zhang, Lingli Zhang, Xin Li

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Article in Journal of global health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Lele CaiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Tiantian TaoDepartment of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Hongtao LiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Zhuolin ZhangDepartment of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Lingli ZhangDepartment of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Xin LiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: China implemented the national drug price negotiation (NDPN) policy to include 17 innovative anticancer medicines in the national reimbursement drug list in 2018. We aimed to assess the impact of this policy on the utilization, cost, and accessibility of anticancer medicines. Methods: We obtained monthly medicine procurement data from 1039 hospitals from October 2017 to December 2019. We examined changes in availability, utilization, defined daily dose cost (DDDc), and affordability of the medicines using descriptive statistics and controlled interrupted time series analysis, measuring utilization by defined daily doses (DDDs). Cetuximab and raltitrexed were compared separately for the same indication. Results: The mean availability of 17 negotiated anticancer medicines was 28.78% after the NDPN, amounting to an increase of 25.22%. The availability increased by 7.88% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.31%, 11.45%, P < 0.001) immediately and by 1.23% (95% CI = 0.81%, 1.64%, P < 0.001) per month after policy implementation. Compared with the control group, the utilization of the medicines increased by 11.44 DDDs (95% CI = 2.42, 20.46, P = 0.014) immediately and by 3.54 DDDs (95% CI = 2.47, 4.60, P < 0.001) per month after policy implementation, while the DDDc decreased by US$109.09 (95% CI = 68.14, 150.05, P < 0.001) immediately and remained stable thereafter. The results on cetuximab and raltitrexed were similar. Availability and utilization differed among regions in east, middle, and west China. Out-of-pocket costs decreased by 17.35 times the catastrophic health expenditures to 1.99 times, but the affordability ratio for 14 negotiated medicines was still greater than 1. Conclusions: The NDPN policy improved the availability, utilization, and affordability of anticancer medicines. China's experience in NDPN provides a reference for other countries. However, the availability and affordability of anticancer medicines still need further improvement.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsNegotiatingCetuximabChinaHealth Services AccessibilityHumansInterrupted Time Series AnalysisPublic PolicyQuinazolinesThiophenesAntineoplastic AgentsCetuximabQuinazolinesraltitrexedThiophenes

Identifiers

PMID36527382
PMCPMC9758701

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.