Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36525135›Full record

ArticleChild's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery2023

Risk factors of poor developmental outcome in children with tuberculous meningitis.

Caro-Lee Saal, Priscilla Springer, James A Seddon, Ronald van Toorn, Tonya M Esterhuizen, Regan S Solomons

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Tuberculous Meningitis Across the Lifespan.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Perspectives from the 2IJTLD open · 2024
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Caro-Lee SaalDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Priscilla SpringerDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
James A SeddonDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
Ronald van ToornDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
Tonya M EsterhuizenDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Regan S SolomonsDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa. regan@sun.ac.za.
Stellenbosch University · ZAImperial College London · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/R007942/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNeurodevelopmental delay is a significant long-term complication of childhood tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The objective of this study was to assess risk factors for neurodevelopmental delay in children with TBM.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of children diagnosed with TBM at Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa, over a 30-year period between 1985 and 2015. We assessed the relationship between demographic, clinical, laboratory and neuro-imaging characteristics, and cognitive impairment at the conclusion of anti-tuberculous treatment. Poor outcome was defined as moderate-to severe cognitive impairment.

resultsA total of 327 TBM patients were included, 71 (21.7%) suffered a poor outcome. Multivariate analysis revealed that decreased level of consciousness (adjusted OR (aOR): 4.68; 95%CI: 2.43-13.88; p = 0.005), brainstem dysfunction (aOR: 3.20; 95%CI: 1.70-6.00; p < 0.001), and radiological infarction (aOR: 3.47; 95%CI: 1.87-6.45; p < 0.001) were associated with a poor developmental outcome. Left hemispherical (single and multiple) stroke and bilateral stroke were associated with poor developmental outcomes.

conclusionCertain neurological signs as well as radiological infarct characteristics are important predictors of poor developmental outcome. Anticipation of the likely level of cognitive impairment at diagnosis allows more accurate prognostication and prompt institution of supportive and rehabilitative measures, after the acute illness.

Indexed as

StrokeTuberculosis, MeningealChildHumansRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSouth AfricaCentral nervous systemNeurodevelopmental delayRisk factorsTuberculosis

Identifiers

PMID36525135
PMCPMC9756925
OpenAlexW4311930541

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.