ArticleBMJ open2022
Poverty, education and health insurance coverage among women of reproductive ages in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional and multilevel analysis.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between wealth status and health insurance enrollment among women aged 15-49 years in Tanzania: a secondary analysis of the 2022 Demographic and Health Survey.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- How much do socioeconomic inequalities explain gender- and ethnicity-based gaps in health coverage? A decomposition analysis of Chinese migrant workers, 2009-2018.BMC public health · 2025Article
- National health insurance membership in Indonesia: Do socio-economic elements matter?PloS one · 2025Article
- Financing for equity for women's, children's and adolescents' health in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- The impact of rural health insurance on vulnerability to chronic poverty among rural residents in China: analysis using Probit and IVprobit models.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate inequalities of health insurance coverage (outcome) at subnational level, and the effects of education and poverty on the outcome.
designSecondary analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys. The outcome variable was health insurance ownership.
settingThe Democratic Republic of the Congo. SUBJECTS: Women aged 15-49 years (n=18 827).
resultsFindings indicated significant spatial variations of the health insurance ownership which ranged from 1.2% in Bandundu and Kasaï Oriental to 15.5% in Kinshasa the Capital City. Furthermore, findings showed that an additional year of women education increased by 10% the chance of health insurance ownership (adjusted OR, AOR 1.098; 95% CI 1.065 to 1.132). Finally, living in better-off households increased by 150% the chance of owing a health insurance (AOR 2.501; 95% CI 1.620 to 3.860) compared with women living in poor households.
conclusionsGiven the low levels of health insurance coverage, the Democratic Republic of the Congo will not reach the Sustainable Development Goal 3, aimed at improving maternal and child health unless a serious programmatic health shift is undertaken in the country to tackle inequalities among poor and uneducated women via universal health coverage.
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