ReviewMilitary Medical Research2022
A review on cell damage, viability, and functionality during 3D bioprinting.
Review in Military Medical Research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Application of 3D printing in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers: current status and new insights.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Pooled it
- Advanced cell-instructive bio-inks: Engineering multiscale niches for functional tissue formation.Bioactive materials · 2027Review
- 3D bioprinting of tissues and organs for systemic diseases and localized injuries.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Suspended particles for omnidirectional template sacrifice for rapid vascular patterning within engineered tissues.Science advances · 2026Article
- Smart Bioinks for 4D Bioprinting: Requirements, Design, and Applications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Modeling Tenascin-C-rich metastatic tumor niches in engineered hydrogel biomaterials.Acta biomaterialia · 2026Article
- Next-generation epidermal patches: Bridging 3D and multidimensional printing for biomedical and personal care innovations.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Additive Manufacturing for Extracellular Vesicle Therapeutics: Engineering Strategies for Production, Isolation, and Delivery.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Bioprinting High-Cell-Density Cardiac Tissue Constructs With Sustained Contractile Function.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Toward an Integrated Strategy for Volumetric Muscle Loss Regeneration.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Bioengineering advances in pancreatic cancer organoids for reproducible tumor microenvironment modeling.iScience · 2026Review
- Digital light processing bioprinting: bioink innovations and applications in tissue and organ regeneration.Journal of biological engineering · 2026Review
- DLP bioprinting of cartilage organoid-laden bioinks yields high-fidelity auricular constructs with enhanced chondrogenesis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- A microgel bone marrow model of mesenchymal stromal cell paracrine signaling supporting hematopoietic stem cell retention.Acta biomaterialia · 2026Article
- From Nature to Innovation: Exploring Natural Biopolymers in 3D Bioprinting for Bone Regeneration.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Stimuli-responsive 4D-bioprinted constructs for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration: Shape-morphing mechanisms, cell-laden bioink engineering, and preclinical outcomes.Regenerative therapy · 2026Review
- Biofabrication strategies for engineered constructs in cardiovascular tissue repair.Regenerative therapy · 2026Review
- From Smart Hydrogel Design to 4D-Printed Scaffolds: Emerging Paradigms in Precision Drug Delivery and Regenerative Wound Therapy.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- 3D Bioprinting of Blood Vessel Model for Improving Wound Healing.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Prospects and Limitations of Bioprinting in Studying Human Cells' Responses to Extreme Environments.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting fabricates 3D functional tissues/organs by accurately depositing the bioink composed of the biological materials and living cells. Even though 3D bioprinting techniques have experienced significant advancement over the past decades, it remains challenging for 3D bioprinting to artificially fabricate functional tissues/organs with high post-printing cell viability and functionality since cells endure various types of stress during the bioprinting process. Generally, cell viability which is affected by several factors including the stress and the environmental factors, such as pH and temperature, is mainly determined by the magnitude and duration of the stress imposed on the cells with poorer cell viability under a higher stress and a longer duration condition. The maintenance of high cell viability especially for those vulnerable cells, such as stem cells which are more sensitive to multiple stresses, is a key initial step to ensure the functionality of the artificial tissues/organs. In addition, maintaining the pluripotency of the cells such as proliferation and differentiation abilities is also essential for the 3D-bioprinted tissues/organs to be similar to native tissues/organs. This review discusses various pathways triggering cell damage and the major factors affecting cell viability during different bioprinting processes, summarizes the studies on cell viabilities and functionalities in different bioprinting processes, and presents several potential approaches to protect cells from injuries to ensure high cell viability and functionality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.