Observational studyThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2023
Defining the window of opportunity and target populations to prevent peanut allergy.
Observational study in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00329784 (Induction of Tolerance Through Early Introduction of Peanut in High-Risk Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Induction of Tolerance Through Early Introduction of Peanut in High-Risk Children (ITN032AD)
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- ASCIA Guideline: Infant Feeding for Food Allergy Prevention.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Guideline
- Pediatric Clinician Adherence to Peanut Allergy Prevention Guidelines: A Randomized Trial.Pediatrics · 2025Trial
- Diet-Microbiome-Immune Interactions at the Gut Mucosa in Food Allergy: Mechanisms, Gaps, and Therapeutic Implications.Allergy · 2026Review
- Early Peanut Introduction for Allergy Prevention: Evidence and Practical Implementation in Pediatric Practice.Cureus · 2026Review
- Decision Support Tools Strengthen Early Peanut Introduction Practices and Streamline Data Automation.Cureus · 2026Article
- Dietary Antigen Interaction with Intestinal Epithelial Cells.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- Context-dependent roles of the gut microbiome in food allergy tolerance versus sensitization.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Temporal, Age, and Racial and Ethnic Trends in Allergen Consumption from 2-Day 24-Hour Recalls, NHANES 2003-2023.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2025Article
- Microbiome in heritage: how maternal microbiome transmission impacts next generation health.Microbiome · 2025Review
- Gut Microbiota and Food Allergy: A Review of Mechanisms and Microbiota-Targeted Interventions.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Thetis cells: regulators of intestinal immune tolerance.Current opinion in immunology · 2025Review
- A wave of Thetis cells imparts tolerance to food antigens early in life.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Early-Life Allergen Exposure and Its Influence on Risk of Atopic Disease.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2025Review
- Inequalities in Access to Specialist Allergy Services in the United Kingdom: A Report From the BSACI Registry for Immunotherapy (BRIT).Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2025Article
- Deficiency of H3K27 histone demethylase UTX in T cells blunts allergic sensitization and anaphylaxis to peanut.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
- The renaissance of oral tolerance: merging tradition and new insights.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Pediatric B cell repertoires are enriched for naive clonal phenotypes and are shaped by distinct selection dynamics.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Identification of digestion-resistant peptides in various processed peanut reveals their distinct allergenicity.Food chemistry: X · 2024Article
- Primary prevention of food allergy: beyond early introduction.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2024Review
- Analyzing early childhood allergy prevention motivation of mothers of infants and its predictors using latent class analysis and structural equation modelling.BMC public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeanut allergy affects 1% to 2% of European children. Early introduction of peanut into the diet reduces allergy in high-risk infants.
objectiveWe aimed to determine the optimal target populations and timing of introduction of peanut products to prevent peanut allergy in the general population.
methodsData from the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT; n = 1303; normal risk; 3-year follow-up; ISRCTN14254740) and Learning Early About Peanut Allergy study (LEAP; n = 640; high risk; 5-year follow-up; NCT00329784) randomized controlled trials plus the Peanut Allergy Sensitization (PAS; n = 194; low and very high risk; 5-year follow-up) observational study were used to model the intervention in a general population. Peanut allergy was defined by blinded peanut challenge or diagnostic skin prick test result.
resultsTargeting only the highest-risk infants with severe eczema reduced the population disease burden by only 4.6%. Greatest reductions in peanut allergy were seen when the intervention was targeted only to the larger but lower-risk groups. A 77% reduction in peanut allergy was estimated when peanut was introduced to the diet of all infants, at 4 months with eczema, and at 6 months without eczema. The estimated reduction in peanut allergy diminished with every month of delayed introduction. If introduction was delayed to 12 months, peanut allergy was only reduced by 33%.
conclusionsThe preventive benefit of early introduction of peanut products into the diet decreases as age at introduction increases. In countries where peanut allergy is a public health concern, health care professionals should help parents introduce peanut products into their infants' diet at 4 to 6 months of life.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.