ArticleGeoHealth2022
Residential and Race/Ethnicity Disparities in Heat Vulnerability in the United States.
Article in GeoHealth, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of historic neighborhood redlining and contemporary health outcomes.Public health · 2025Pooled it
- Urban heat island impacts on heat-related cardiovascular morbidity: A time series analysis of older adults in US metropolitan areas.Environment international · 2023Pooled it
- Low-Income, Minority-Serving Public Schools in Southern California Have Disproportionately High Surface Temperatures.GeoHealth · 2026Article
- Spatial Heterogeneity in Synergistic Effects of Extreme Heat and NO 2 Exposures on Cardiorespiratory Hospitalizations in California.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Warm season hourly temperature and psychiatric emergencies: A case-crossover study of a vulnerable population in Boston, 2005-2019.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Occupational characteristics are missing from heat vulnerability indices: a study in New York and New Jersey.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Daytime and nighttime heatwave intensity and acute care utilization for mental and neurological disorders in California.Environmental research, health : ERH · 2026Article
- Heat exposure and drug overdose mortality in the USA.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Observational
- An updated modeling framework and sensitivity analysis of methodology for the climate health vulnerability index.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Heat and socioeconomic deprivation compound to drive coronary heart disease in Los Angeles.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Climate Vulnerability Index and Incident Type 2 Diabetes in a Large Integrated Health Care System.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Impact of heat exposure on sleep health and its population vulnerability in the United States.Environment international · 2025Article
- De-energization as maladaptation: Uneven residential exposure to wildfire Public Safety Power Shutoffs and compound heat.Global environmental change : human and policy dimensions · 2025Article
- Social disparities in extreme heat days across U.S. public schools.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Assessing Heat-Health Vulnerability Through Temporal, Demographic, and Spatial Lenses: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Analysis in New York State.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Raising the temperature: A critical geographical perspective on heat.Progress in environmental geography · 2025Article
- Contemporary income inequality outweighs historic redlining in shaping intra-urban heat disparities in Los Angeles.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Hurricanes and Health Equity: A Review of Structural Determinants of Vulnerability for Climate and Health Research.Current environmental health reports · 2025Review
- Racial and Economic Disparities in High-Temperature Exposure in Brazil.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Adverse health outcomes caused by extreme heat represent the most direct human health threat associated with the warming of the Earth's climate. Socioeconomic, demographic, health, land cover, and temperature determinants contribute to heat vulnerability; however, nationwide patterns of residential and race/ethnicity disparities in heat vulnerability in the United States are poorly understood. This study aimed to develop a Heat Vulnerability Index (HVI) for the United States; to assess differences in heat vulnerability across geographies that have experienced historical and/or contemporary forms of marginalization; and to quantify HVI by race/ethnicity. Principal component analysis was used to calculate census tract level HVI scores based on the 2019 population characteristics of the United States. Differences in HVI scores were analyzed across the Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) "redlining" grades, the Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool (CEJST) disadvantaged versus non-disadvantaged communities, and race/ethnicity groups. HVI scores were calculated for 55,267 U.S. census tracts. Mean HVI scores were 17.56, 18.61, 19.45, and 19.93 for HOLC grades "A"-"D," respectively. CEJST-defined disadvantaged census tracts had a significantly higher mean HVI score (19.13) than non-disadvantaged tracts (16.68). The non-Hispanic African American or Black race/ethnicity group had the highest HVI score (18.51), followed by Hispanic or Latino (18.19). Historically redlined and contemporary CEJST disadvantaged census tracts and communities of color were found to be associated with increased vulnerability to heat. These findings can help promote equitable climate change adaptation policies by informing policymakers about the national distribution of place- and race/ethnicity-based disparities in heat vulnerability.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.