Trial reportObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)2023
Early time-restricted eating affects weight, metabolic health, mood, and sleep in adherent completers: A secondary analysis.
Trial report in Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Time-restricted eating in overweight and obese adults: an evidence summary and clinical recommendations.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Pooled it
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- The effects of time-restricted eating on sleep in adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Time-Restricted Eating with Caloric Restriction vs. Caloric Restriction for Weight Loss and Health: Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Early meal timing improves nocturnal glucose in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes.Diabetologia · 2026Trial
- Do the Effects of Early Time-Restricted Eating Vary by Cardiometabolic Phenotype, Age, Sex, or Race? A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- Sleep-Aligned Extended Overnight Fasting Improves Nighttime and Daytime Cardiometabolic Function.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Trial
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- A Qualitative Exploration of Facilitators and Barriers to Early Time-Restricted Eating: Insights From a Randomised Controlled Trial.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of time restricted eating and resistance training on body composition and mood profiles among young adults with overweight/obesity: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Adaptive dietary and exercise strategies for weight loss in Adults with Prediabetes Trial (ADAPT): a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Trial
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- Time-Restricted Eating and Sleep, Mood, and Quality of Life in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Early time-restricted eating improves markers of cardiometabolic health but has no impact on intestinal nutrient absorption in healthy adults.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Trial
- Effect of Time-Restricted Eating versus Daily Calorie Restriction on Mood and Quality of Life in Adults with Obesity.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Understanding Postpartum Mothers' Perspectives of Chrononutrition Approaches: A Qualitative Study.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2026Article
- Timing of food intake impacts cardiovascular and neuroendocrine physiology and risk of disease.Cardiovascular research · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveData are mixed on whether intermittent fasting improves weight loss and cardiometabolic health. Here, the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) in participants who consistently adhered ≥5 d/wk every week were analyzed.
methodsNinety patients aged 25 to 75 years old with obesity were randomized to early TRE (eTRE; 8-hour eating window from 07:00 to 15:00) or a control schedule (≥12-hour window) for 14 weeks. A per-protocol analysis of weight loss, body composition, cardiometabolic health, and other end points was performed.
resultsParticipants who adhered to eTRE ≥5 d/wk every week had greater improvements in body weight (-3.7 ± 1.2 kg; p = 0.003), body fat (-2.8 ± 1.3 kg; p = 0.04), heart rate (-7 ± 3 beats/min; p = 0.02), insulin resistance (-2.80 ± 1.36; p = 0.047), and glucose (-9 ± 5 mg/dL; p = 0.047) relative to adherers in the control group. They also experienced greater improvements in mood, including fatigue and anger; however, they self-reported sleeping less and taking longer to fall asleep.
conclusionsFor those who can consistently adhere at least 5 d/wk, eTRE is a valuable approach for improving body weight, body fat, cardiometabolic health, and mood. Further research is needed to determine whether eTRE's effects of shortening sleep but reducing fatigue are healthful or not.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.