ReviewBMC neurology2022
A case report of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder induced by pembrolizumab treatment for lung adenocarcinoma: a clinical and immunohistochemical study.
Review in BMC neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical characteristics, management and outcomes in immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced central nervous system demyelinating disease.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) following atezolizumab and bevacizumab treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- Harnessing the Gut Microbiome in Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Routes to Personalized Medicine-A Systematic Review.Technology in cancer research & treatmentPooled it
- Microglial PD-1/PD-L1 axis in CNS demyelinating diseases: a dual immunoregulatory perspective.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Double Anti-NMO and Anti-MOG Positivity in a Patient With Metastatic Renal Carcinoma: First Reported Case.Case reports in neurological medicine · 2026Article
- Case Report: Neuropsychiatric and cognitive phenomena in a highly complex patient affected by psychiatric and oncological diseases.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated autoimmune encephalitis and other neurological immune-mediated adverse events: a pharmacovigilance study using the FAERS and JADER.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Neuromyelitis optica associated with the use of Atezolizumab in a patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Anti-aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G/anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G double-positive paraneoplastic neurological syndrome in a patient with triple-negative breast cancer.Clinical & experimental neuroimmunology · 2024Article
- Integrative single-cell analysis: dissecting CD8 + memory cell roles in LUAD and COVID-19 via eQTLs and Mendelian Randomization.Hereditas · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWe report a case of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), who developed after the pembrolizumab treatment, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, against lung adenocarcinoma. The present case is discussed with the lung adenocarcinoma specimen which was stained by aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and with literature review of NMOSD linked to immune checkpoint inhibitors. CASE PRESENTATION: A 62-year-old Japanese man presented with acute diencephalic syndrome, left optic neuritis, and myelitis 5 months after initiation of pembrolizumab treatment for lung adenocarcinoma. He was diagnosed with NMOSD based on serum anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody positivity. Immunohistochemistry of lung biopsy samples showed AQP4 expression on CD68+ cells. This is the fifth reported case of AQP4+ NMOSD triggered by an immune checkpoint inhibitor and the first with a brain lesion. Four out of five NMOSD cases, including the present case and one case with lung metastasis, had lung cancer.
conclusionsImmune checkpoint inhibitors may trigger AQP4+ NMOSD owing to their molecular similarity to AQP4 expressed in lung and glial tissues. Prompt brain/spinal cord imaging and anti-AQP4 antibody testing may facilitate early diagnosis of immune-mediated adverse event in central nervous system associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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