ArticleNoro psikiyatri arsivi2022
Repeated Collection of Vaginal Smear Causes Stress in Mice.
Article in Noro psikiyatri arsivi, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Impact of clomipramine postnatal exposure on sexual behavior and reproductive organs in female rats: role of sexual experience.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Reversal of Stress-Induced Depressogenic Behaviors by Inhibition of HMGB1, TLR4, and NF-κB Signaling.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- The WAG/Rij Rat Model of Depression Comorbid with Absence Epilepsy: Sex Differences and Neurochemical Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Sex and dose-dependent effects of cannabidiol on cocaine consumption in mice.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Pairing Mouse Social and Aversive Stimuli across Sexes Does Not Produce Social Aversion in Females.eNeuro · 2025Article
- Adolescent and adult age differences in palatable food learning and consumption.Physiology & behavior · 2025Article
- Age and sex influence diurnal memory oscillations, circadian rhythmicity, and Per1 expression.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Impact of satiety on palatable food associative learning and consumption in male and female adult rats.Physiology & behavior · 2025Article
- WERF Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonisation Project for Experimental Models in Endometriosis Research (EPHect-EM-Pain): methods to assess pain behaviour in rodent models of endometriosis.Molecular human reproduction · 2025Review
- Male and female mice may respectively form stronger social aversive memories with same and different sex conspecifics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Advancing 3Rs: The Mouse Estrus Detector (MED) as a Low-Stress, Painless, and Efficient Tool for Estrus Determination in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Differential genetic expression within reward-specific ensembles in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- A helping HAND: therapeutic potential of MAGL inhibition against HIV-1-associated neuroinflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Women are more likely to be misdiagnosed in many neuropsychiatric disorders than men. One of the possible underlying reasons for this disparity may be more frequent use of male mice than female mice in neuroscience studies. With the increasing realization of the shortcomings of this approach in understanding the neurobiological basis of these disorders, many funding agencies mandate the inclusion of both male and female subjects in study design. As the behaviors vary with the stage of the estrous cycle, the collection of vaginal smears to identify the estrous stage becomes a widely used procedure. Here we tested whether vaginal smear collection causes similar effects to that of stress by evaluating an increase in depression-like behavior and impairment in memory. Method: Vaginal smear was collected from Swiss albino mice twice a day for 10 days. In order to test depression-like behavior tail suspension, sucrose preference and splash tests were conducted. Novel object recognition and novel object location tests were performed 1 hour and 24 hours after training to evaluate short-and long-term memory respectively. Results: The female mice whose vaginal smears were collected demonstrated increased behavioral despair and anhedonia. Vaginal smear group showed deficits in both short-term and long-term memory when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the collection of vaginal smear not only increased depression-like behaviors in mice, but also impaired short-term and long-term memory, indicating that the procedure of vaginal smear collection was stressful. We recommend to consider other ways of estrous cycle staging when studying behavior.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.