ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2022
Validating the use of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire in Mainland China: a descriptive, cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring Severe Fear of Childbirth in China: An In-depth Systematic Review of Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Interventions.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Pooled it
- The psychometric properties of fear of childbirth instruments: a systematic review.Reproductive health · 2024Pooled it
- Narrative Nursing and Perioperative Psychological Outcomes in Women Undergoing Cervical Cerclage: The Potential Indirect Role of Fear of Childbirth.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2026Article
- Convergent validity between two questionnaires that evaluate fear of childbirth validated in spanish: childbirth fear questionnaire (CFQ-e) and Wijma delivery expectancy questionnaire (WDEQ-A-Sp).BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Developmental trajectories of maternal fear of childbirth at different times: a prospective longitudinal study.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Psychological predictors of cesarean delivery on maternal request in upper middle-income settings and the mitigating role of prenatal psychological education: a multicenter longitudinal study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Psychometric properties of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire version A among Chinese expectant fathers.BMC public health · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFear of childbirth (FOC) is a common psychological problem in Chinese pregnant women. FOC can influence both maternal health and infants' wellness. Special assessment tools for FOC in Mandarin Chinese are currently lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Mandarin Chinese of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire Version A (W-DEQ-A).
methodsWe recruited 364 Chinese pregnant women from April 2021 to July 2021. Translation and cultural adaptation, as well as reliability and validity testing were conducted. Analyses included the content validity, structural validity, criterion-related validity, convergent validity and reliability. The content validity indices were used to assess the content validity of the tool. The structural validity was tested through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to evaluate the reliability of the W-DEQ-A Chinese version.
resultsThe Chinese translation showed excellent similarities and equivalence to the original version, with the satisfactory content validity. Factor analysis indicated 5 factors, accounting for 57% of the total variance. Both criterion-related validity and convergent validity proved to be acceptable. The reliability was tested with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.911 for the total scale.
conclusionThe W-DEQ-A Chinese version is a reliable and valid tool to identify FOC in Mandarin Chinese-speaking populations.
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