ArticleEuropean urology open science2022
The Impact of Anticholinergic Use for Overactive Bladder on Cognitive Changes in Adults with Normal Cognition, Mild Cognitive Impairment, or Dementia.
Article in European urology open science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cholinergic system in patients with chronic kidney disease: cognitive and renal implications.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Review
- The Impact of Real-world Use of Overactive Bladder Medications on Dementia Risk in Younger Adults.European urology open science · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Ionic Mechanisms in Pituitary Cells: Implications for Electrophysiological and Electropharmacological Research.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Enzalutamide: Understanding and Managing Drug Interactions to Improve Patient Safety and Drug Efficacy.Drug safety · 2024Review
- Drugs with a negative impact on cognitive functions (Part 2): drug classes to consider while prescribing in CKD patients.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Review
- The impact of anticholinergics on cognitive function in patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction: A narrative review.Indian journal of urology : IJU : journal of the Urological Society of IndiaReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Few studies have addressed whether anticholinergic (AC) medications for overactive bladder (OAB) cause cognitive decline in individuals with existing cognitive impairment, and whether the Objective: To determine whether OAB AC use is associated with a clinically relevant change in cognitive measures among adults with normal and abnormal cognition. Design setting and participants: This was a retrospective cohort study using data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center. Patients were enrolled at specialized centers in the USA between 2005 and 2019. Patients with existing OAB AC use, missing Intervention: New use of oxybutynin, tolterodine, solifenacin, trospium, darifenacin, or fesoterodine. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: The outcome was a change in cognitive function, measured as a ≥1-point increase on the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) instrument or a ≥3-point decrease on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Conditional logistic regression with odds ratios (ORs) was conducted. We also tested for Results and limitations: Among 18 835 eligible patients, 782 matched pairs were identified. The most common OAB ACs were oxybutynin (38%) and tolterodine (23%). There was no significant increase in the risk of a clinically relevant cognitive decline among OAB AC users (CDR: OR 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93-2.05; Conclusions: OAB AC use was not associated with a significant change in cognitive function among individuals with normal and abnormal cognition. Further research is necessary to determine if oxybutynin and tolterodine are significantly more likely to cause cognitive decline. Patient summary: Use of a specific class of overactive bladder medication was not associated with negative changes in brain function among patients with either normal or abnormal function. A genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease did not predispose individuals to cognitive decline when taking these drugs. Two of the drugs (oxybutynin and tolterodine) may lead to a higher risk of cognitive decline in comparison to other drugs, and this needs further research.
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