ArticleiScience2022
Placental macrophage responses to viral and bacterial ligands and the influence of fetal sex.
Article in iScience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gestational Dynamics of Hofbauer Cells in the Human Placenta: Distribution, Morphology, and Immunophenotype.Journal of developmental biology · 2026Article
- Active tuberculosis disease in pregnancy alters frequencies of B-cell subsets among exposed neonates in Uganda.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Hofbauer Cells in Pregnancies Complicated by Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Pathological Fetal Growth.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Article
- Inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface: a perspective on interacting risk factors for preterm birth in sub-Saharan African women living with HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Isolation and characterization of Hofbauer cells from human term placentas.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Maternal high-fat, high-sucrose diet-induced excess adiposity is linked to placental hypoxia and disruption of fetoplacental immune homeostasis in late gestation†.Biology of reproduction · 2025Article
- Fetal Sex Modulates Hofbauer Cells' Response to Diabetes in Human Placenta.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- The role of placenta Hofbauer cells during pregnancy and pregnancy complications.Obstetrics & gynecology science · 2025Article
- Distinct maternofetal immune signatures delineate preterm birth onset following urinary tract infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Sex-specific phenotypical, functional and metabolic profiles of human term placenta macrophages.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Maternal SARS-CoV-2 impacts fetal placental macrophage programs and placenta-derived microglial models of neurodevelopment.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Gravidity influences distinct transcriptional profiles of maternal and fetal placental macrophages at term.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Sex-specific impact of maternal obesity on fetal placental macrophages and cord blood triglycerides.Placenta · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Bacterial and viral infections of the placenta are associated with inflammation and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hofbauer cells (HBCs) are fetal-origin macrophages in the placenta, proposed to protect the fetus from vertical pathogen transmission. We performed quantitative proteomics on term HBCs under resting conditions and following exposure to bacterial and viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and investigated the contribution of fetal sex. Resting HBCs expressed proteins pertinent to macrophage function, including chemokines, cytokines, Toll-like receptors, and major histocompatibility complex class I and II molecules. HBCs mounted divergent responses to bacterial versus viral PAMPs but exhibited protein expression changes suggestive of a more pro-inflammatory phenotype. A comparison between male and female HBCs showed that the latter mounted a stronger and wider response. Here, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the sex-dependent responses of placental macrophages to infectious triggers, which were primarily associated with lipid metabolism in males and cytoskeleton organization in females.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.