ArticleResearch in nursing & health2023
Severity and correlates of brain fog in people with traumatic brain injury.
Article in Research in nursing & health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluation of a multi-component dietary supplement combined with probiotic and omega-3 in individuals with self-reported symptoms of brain fog: an 8-week exploratory study.Future science OA · 2026Article
- Exploring trends in brain fog and quality of life outcomes in Veterans with pain symptoms: A cross-sectional study.Journal of military, veteran and family health · 2025Article
- Neuropsychological functioning after COVID-19: Minor differences between individuals with and without persistent complaints after SARS-CoV-2 infection.The Clinical neuropsychologist · 2025Article
- Brain Fog and Cognitive Dysfunction in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Evidence-Based Review.Psychology research and behavior management · 2025Review
- The Fatigue and Altered Cognition Scale among SARS-CoV-2 Survivors: Psychometric Properties and Item Correlations with Depression and Anxiety Symptoms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Traumatic brain injury: molecular biomarkers, genetics, secondary consequences, and medical management.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Efficient assessment of brain fog and fatigue: Development of the Fatigue and Altered Cognition Scale (FACs).PloS one · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Brain fog is one symptom that has been underexplored in traumatic brain injury (TBI). We explored the cognitive and affective correlates of brain fog in people with symptomatic mild TBI (n = 15), moderate-to-severe TBI (n = 15), and a healthy control group (n = 16). Measures across the studies assessed "brain fog" (Mental Clutter Scale), objective cognition (Useful Field of View® and Cogstate Brief Battery®), post-concussive symptoms (Post-Concussion Symptom Scale), and depressive symptoms (Profile of Moods Scale). Brain fog was higher in symptomatic mild TBI and moderate-to-severe TBI compared with healthy controls. Greater brain fog corresponded to greater depressive symptoms in symptomatic mild TBI. Greater brain fog corresponded to poorer episodic memory and working memory in moderate-to-severe TBI. Brain fog appears to reflect challenges in recovery, including depressive symptoms and worse cognitive function. Screening for brain fog might be worthwhile in people with brain injuries.
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