ArticleMedical physics2023
A study of flex miniaturized coils for focal nerve magnetic stimulation.
Article in Medical physics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Quasi-Resonant System for High-Frequency Trans-Spinal Magnetic Stimulation (HF-TSMS).IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2025Article
- The interplay between pulse width and activation depth in TENS: a computational study.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Intersubject variability in a comprehensive numerical assessment of operator electromagnetic exposure to TMS.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Microfabrication Technologies for Nanoinvasive and High-Resolution Magnetic Neuromodulation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Investigation of the mechanisms for wireless nerve stimulation without active electrodes.BioelectromagneticsArticle
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeripheral magnetic stimulation (PMS) is emerging as a complement to standard electrical stimulation (ES) of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). PMS may stimulate sensory and motor nerve fibers without the discomfort associated with the ES used for standard nerve conduction studies. The PMS coils are the same ones used in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and lack focality and selectiveness in the stimulation. PURPOSE: This study presents a novel coil for PMS, developed using Flexible technologies, and characterized by reduced dimensions for a precise and controlled targeting of peripheral nerves.
methodsWe performed hybrid electromagnetic (EM) and electrophysiological simulations to study the EM exposure induced by a novel miniaturized coil (or mcoil) in and around the radial nerve of the neuro-functionalized virtual human body model Yoon-Sun, and to estimate the current threshold to induce magnetic stimulation (MS) of the radial nerve. Eleven healthy subjects were studied with the mcoil, which consisted of two 15 mm diameter coils in a figure-of-eight configuration, each with a hundred turns of a 25 μm copper-clad four-layer foil. Sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) were measured in each subject using two electrodes and compared with those obtained from standard ES. The SNAPs conduction velocities were estimated as a performance metric.
resultsThe induced electric field was estimated numerically to peak at a maximum intensity of 39 V/m underneath the mcoil fed by 70 A currents. In such conditions, the electrophysiological simulations suggested that the mcoil elicits SNAPs originating at 7 mm from the center of the mcoil. Furthermore, the numerically estimated latencies and waveforms agreed with those obtained during the PMS experiments on healthy subjects, confirming the ability of the mcoil to stimulate the radial nerve sensory fibers.
conclusionHybrid EM-electrophysiological simulations assisted the development of a miniaturized coil with a small diameter and a high number of turns using flexible electronics. The numerical dosimetric analysis predicted the threshold current amplitudes required for a suprathreshold peripheral nerve sensory stimulation, which was experimentally confirmed. The developed and now validated computational pipeline will be used to improve the performances (e.g., focality and minimal currents) of new generations of mcoil designs.
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