ArticlePolymers2022
Advances in Rubber Compounds Using ZnO and MgO as Co-Cure Activators.
Article in Polymers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Selected Deposition Techniques and the Effect of Doping on the Properties of Thin ZnO Films: A Literature Review.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Advances in Functional Rubber and Elastomer Composites II.Polymers · 2025Article
- Article
- Elastomeric Biocomposites of Natural Rubber Containing Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Alfalfa/Lucerne (Polymers · 2024Article
- Phytochemical fabrication of ZnO nanoparticles and their antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Advances in Functional Rubber and Elastomer Composites.Polymers · 2024Article
- Advancement of an Environmentally Friendly and Innovative Sustainable Rubber Wrap Film with Superior Sealing Properties.Polymers · 2024Article
- Article
- Characterization and Application in Natural Rubber ofPolymers · 2023Article
- Article
- Nafcillin-Loaded Photocrosslinkable Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Preparation of Zinc Oxide with Core-Shell Structure and Its Application in Rubber Products.Polymers · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Zinc oxide performs as the best cure activator in sulfur-based vulcanization of rubber, but it is regarded as a highly toxic material for aquatic organisms. Hence, the toxic cure activator should be replaced by a non-toxic one. Still, there is no suitable alternative industrially. However, binary activators combining ZnO and another metal oxide such as MgO can largely reduce the level of ZnO with some improved benefits in the vulcanization of rubber as investigated in this research. Curing, mechanical, and thermal characteristics were investigated to find out the suitability of MgO in the vulcanization of rubber. Curing studies reveal that significant reductions in the optimum curing times are found by using MgO as a co-cure activator. Especially, the rate of vulcanization with conventional 5 phr (per hundred grams) ZnO can be enhanced by more than double, going from 0.3 Nm/min to 0.85 Nm/min by the use of a 3:2 ratio of MgO to ZnO cure activator system that should have high industrial importance. Mechanical and thermal properties investigations suggest that MgO as a co-cure activator used at 60% can provide 7.5% higher M100 (modulus at 100% strain) (0.58 MPa from 0.54 MPa), 20% higher tensile strength (23.7 MPa from 19.5 MPa), 15% higher elongation at break (1455% from 1270%), 68% higher fracture toughness (126 MJ/m
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