ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Sex Steroid Hormone Analysis in Human Tear Fluid Using a Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Patient Characteristics and Surgery-Related Risk Factors on Endophthalmitis after Cataract surgery: A Meta-Analysis.Ophthalmic research · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of letrozole on serum estradiol and estrone in postmenopausal breast cancer patients and tolerability of treatment: a prospective trial using a highly sensitive LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) method for estrogen measurement.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2023Trial
- Interpol review of forensic drug chemistry, 2022-2025.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2026Review
- Hormonal Modulation of Keratoconus: A Systematic Review and Screening Strategy for At-Risk Populations.Ophthalmology science · 2026Review
- Adipose Tissue Sex Steroids in Postmenopausal Women With and Without Menopausal Hormone Therapy.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The marked sexual dimorphism prevalent in inflammatory/autoimmune diseases is mostly due to sex hormone actions. One common eye disease that disproportionately affects women is dry eye. Thus, our aim was to optimise our highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for steroid hormone quantification in tear fluid (TF). We used tears and matched serum samples from 10 heathy individuals. Estrone, estradiol testosterone, progesterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone, were quantified with an HPLC coupled with a Triple Quad 5500 MS. Estrone was measured in 80% of female and 20% of male TF samples (mean ± SD, 68.9 ± 62.2 pmol/L), whereas estradiol was undetectable in tears. Progesterone was identified in half of the female tear samples (2.91 ± 3.47 nmol/L) but in none of the male samples, whereas testosterone was quantifiable only in male tears (0.24 ± 0.1 nmol/L). TF hormone levels were, on average, from 1.4% to 55% of systemic values. Estrone, progesterone, and testosterone levels in tears correlated with the matching serum samples (
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Registered trials
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