ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Serum Proteins Associated with Blood-Brain Barrier as Potential Biomarkers for Seizure Prediction.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of the Predictive and Diagnostic Uses of Neuroinflammation Biomarkers for Epileptogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Markers of Antiseizure Treatment Efficacy in Children: A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Epilepsy: Mechanisms and Consequences.Neurology international · 2025Review
- A Single Bout of Physical Exercise Mimicking a Motor Seizure Increases Serum MMP-9, but Not S100B.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Biomechanical Effects of Seizures on Cerebral Dynamics and Brain Stress.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Meta-analysis of MMP-9 levels in the serum of patients with epilepsy.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Neurological Diseases: A Molecular Genetic Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Metformin ameliorates pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice by modulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, nuclear factor-kappa B, matrix metalloproteinase 2, and caspase-3.Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As 30% of epileptic patients remain drug-resistant, seizure prediction is vital. Induction of epileptic seizure is a complex process that can depend on factors such as intrinsic neuronal excitability, changes in extracellular ion concentration, glial cell activity, presence of inflammation and activation of the blood−brain barrier (BBB). In this study, we aimed to assess if levels of serum proteins associated with BBB can predict seizures. Serum levels of MMP-9, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, S100B, CCL-2, ICAM-1, P-selectin, and TSP-2 were examined in a group of 49 patients with epilepsy who were seizure-free for a minimum of seven days and measured by ELISA. The examination was repeated after 12 months. An extensive medical history was taken, and patients were subjected to a follow-up, including a detailed history of seizures. Serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, CCL-2, and P-selectin differed between the two time points (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p = 0.0035, respectively). General linear model analyses determined the predictors of seizures. Levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and CCL-2 were found to influence seizure count in 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of observation. Serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and CCL-2 may be considered potential biomarkers for seizure prediction and may indicate BBB activation.
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