ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Regulation of P-Glycoprotein in the Brain.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of AI-assisted drug repurposing in neurological disorders: a systematic review of validation strategies, challenges and opportunities.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Pooled it
- Global research trends and hotspots of exosome-mediated drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier: a bibliometric study from 2015 to 2025.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Putative Modulation of OATP1A2 and P-gp Expression at the Blood-Brain Barrier by Nrf2-PXR: An Associative Hypothesis for Amyloid-β Transport in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability and Membrane Proteins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Peptide-Based Delivery Systems: Selected Insights into Cell-Penetrating Peptides.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2026Review
- Dual-Acting Vitamin BJournal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- New developments and prospects for drug delivery in medulloblastoma.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Review
- Advances in nano-TCM for Alzheimer's disease: lipid-based carriers integrated with innovative delivery strategies.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Functional impact of high-altitude hypoxia on central nervous system drug transport: integrated analysis of blood-brain barrier permeability, drug transporter/enzyme expression, and pharmacokinetics.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- The novel third-generation antipsychotic drug brexpiprazole affects hepatic transcription factors, serum hormone levels, and cytochrome P450 enzymes after prolonged treatment: pharmacological significance.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- The HPA axis and kynurenine pathway: exploring the role of stress and neuroinflammation in treatment-resistant depression.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Review
- Junctions, Transporters, and Interactions of Endothelial Cells: Regulation by Ethanol.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- P-glycoprotein exofection between fetal and maternal cells as a mechanism of intercellular material transfer at the feto maternal interface.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Pharmacogenetics of antidepressant response: a focused review on CYP2C19, CYP2D6, SLC6A4, and HTR2A polymorphisms.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- JAK/STAT signaling pathway inhibitors in neurodegenerative diseases: current status and future perspectives.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Search for marker proteins to assess blood-brain barrier development.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2026Article
- Current State of the Neurotrophin-Based Pharmaceutics in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neuroinflammation.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Brain neurovascular unit in response to intra- and extra-central nervous system cancers: implications, mechanisms, and challenges.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Electroacupuncture Potentiates Astragaloside IV Cerebral Delivery via P-Glycoprotein-Mediated Transcellular Transport: A Novel Blood-Brain Barrier Penetration Strategy for Ischemic Stroke Therapy.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Attenuation of blood-brain barrier dysfunction by functionalized gold nanoparticles against amyloid-β peptide in an Alzheimer's disease-on-a-chip model.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Maintenance of the tightly regulated homeostatic environment of the brain is facilitated by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATP-binding cassette transporter, is expressed on the luminal surface of the endothelial cells in the BBB, and actively exports a wide variety of substrates to limit exposure of the vulnerable brain environment to waste buildup and neurotoxic compounds. Downregulation of P-gp expression and activity at the BBB have been reported with ageing and in neurodegenerative diseases. Upregulation of P-gp at the BBB contributes to poor therapeutic outcomes due to altered pharmacokinetics of CNS-acting drugs. The regulation of P-gp is highly complex, but unravelling the mechanisms involved may help the development of novel and nuanced strategies to modulate P-gp expression for therapeutic benefit. This review summarises the current understanding of P-gp regulation in the brain, encompassing the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms that have been identified to affect P-gp expression and transport activity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.