Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36498138›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022

Social Support and Symptoms of Depression in Late Life: Bidirectional Associations over Time.

Shira T Turner, Sara Carmel, Norm O'Rourke, Victoria H Raveis, Hava Tovel, Ella Cohn-Schwartz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Observational
  2. Review
  3. Article
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  8. Kin to strain: longitudinal impacts of family size on mental health among aging South Africans.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Comparing Neighbors and Friends in Age-Related Network Changes.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2024
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Shira T TurnerDepartment of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel.
Sara CarmelCenter for Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel.
Norm O'RourkeSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel.ORCID 0000-0001-5100-427X
Victoria H RaveisPsychosocial Research Unit on Health, Aging and the Community, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY 10010-2314, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6063-7669
Hava TovelCenter for Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel.
Ella Cohn-SchwartzSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel.ORCID 0000-0001-9623-1820

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Social support functions as an effective buffer against depression, especially among older adults with limited social networks. For the current study, we examined longitudinal bidirectional associations between social support and depression among those 75+ years of age. We recruited and followed a sample of Israeli adults 75+ years of age (N = 824; M = 80.84; range 75-96 years). Structured interviews were conducted in the homes of participants at three annual points of measurement. Participants reported depressive symptoms and emotional and instrumental support received from friends and family. We examined a cross-lagged, longitudinal structural equation model (SEM) in which social support and depressive symptoms predict each other over time, covarying for previously reported social support and depressive symptoms. We found that both depressive symptoms and social support are largely consistent in late life. Depressive symptoms and social support reported at baseline predict levels reported 1 and 2 years thereafter. Cross-over effects emerged over time. Depressive symptoms predicted lower social support in future, and social support at baseline predicted depressive symptoms 2 years later. These findings suggest that associations between depressive symptoms and social support are bidirectional in late life. Further research is needed to replicate findings in other cultures and over longer periods, ideally until end of life.

Indexed as

DepressionSocial SupportAgedFriendsHumansLongitudinal Studiesdepressionlate lifesocial supportstructural equation modeling

Identifiers

PMID36498138
PMCPMC9738391

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.