ArticleCancers2022
Particle Beam Therapy for Intrahepatic and Extrahepatic Biliary Duct Carcinoma: A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Data Analysis.
Article in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimizing radiotherapy in unresectable or metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Proton beam therapy for patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma: a multicenter prospective registry study (Influence of age factor).Journal of radiation research · 2026Article
- Updated Japanese multicenter registry study evaluates the efficacy and safety of proton beam therapy for treating extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Proton Therapy in The Treatment of Head And Neck Cancers- Review.Current oncology reports · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To examine the efficacy and toxicity of particle beam therapy (PT) for biliary duct carcinoma (BDC) and compare the outcomes between extrahepatic BDC (eBDC) and intrahepatic BDC (iBDC). We analyzed multi-institutional data from May 2009 to December 2019. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints were local control (LC), progression-free survival (PFS) and toxicity. We included 150 patients with unresectable BDC treated with PT using a median prescribed dose of 70.2 GyRBE (range, 44-77 GyRBE) in 25 fractions (range, 10-38 fractions). With a median follow-up of 13.0 months, median survival time (MST) was 21 months, and 2-year OS was 44.8%. For eBDC and iBDC, the MSTs were 20 and 23 months, respectively. Two-year PFS and LC rates were 20.6% and 66.5%, respectively. Vascular invasion, prescribed dose and serum tumor marker level (carcinoembryonic antigen: CEA) were identified as poor prognostic factors for OS. A higher radiation dose EQD2 ≥ 67 Gy showed superior OS, with a hazard ratio of 0.341. The radiation dose of PT is an important predisposing factor for overall survival. The MST for patients with eBDC given a higher radiation dose was 25 months, compared to 15 months for those given the lower dose and 23 months for patients with iBDC (all iBDC given higher doses). iBDC and eBDC duct carcinomas showed equivalent outcomes with PT, especially when treated with a high radiation dose. In detailed analysis, baseline CEA level in iBDC, and radiation dose and GTV in eBDC were statistically significant predicators for OS. Acute and late toxicity grade ≥3 occurred in 2.2% and 2.7% of patients, respectively, including two late grade-5 toxicities. In conclusion, PT showed good efficacy for BDC, both eBDC and iBDC, with a low incidence of severe toxicity.
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