ArticleCancers2022
Zebrafish as an Orthotopic Tumor Model for Retinoblastoma Mimicking Routes of Human Metastasis.
Article in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oxidative Stress, Genetic Factors and Behavioral Responses to Chemical Exposure: Insights into Cancer Development in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio).Biochemical genetics · 2026Review
- Patient-derived spheroid culture: A promising in vitro model for drug screening in retinoblastoma.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- Automated microinjection for zebrafish xenograft models.npj biomedical innovations · 2025Article
- Targeting DNA Topoisomerase IIα in Retinoblastoma: Implications in EMT and Therapeutic Strategies.Biologics : targets & therapy · 2025Article
- Histone Deacetylases in Retinoblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRetinoblastoma (RB) is the most common eye cancer in children that has a high mortality rate when left untreated. Mouse models for retinoblastoma have been established but are time- and cost-intensive. The aim of this work was to evaluate an orthotopic transplantation model of retinoblastoma in zebrafish that also allows for tracking migratory routes and to explore advantages and disadvantages with respect to drug testing.
methodsThree fluorescence-labeled retinoblastoma cell lines (RB355, WERI-RB-1, Y79) were injected into the left eye of two-day-old zebrafish, while the un-injected right eye served as control. The migratory trajectories of injected retinoblastoma cells were observed until 8 days post injection (dpi), both in lateral and dorsal view, and measuring fluorescence intensity of injected cells was done for RB355 cells.
resultsTime until the onset of migration and routes for all three retinoblastoma cell lines were comparable and resulted in migration into the brain and ventricles of the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. Involvement of the optic nerve was observed in 10% of injections with the RB355 cell line, 15% with Y79 cells and 5% with WERI-RB-1 cells. Fluorescence intensity of injected RB355 cells showed an initial increase until five dpi, but then decreased with high variability until the end of observation.
conclusionThe zebrafish eye is well suited for the analysis of migratory routes in retinoblastoma and closely mirrors patterns of retinoblastoma metastases in humans.
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Registered trials
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