ArticleBMC health services research2022
Geographical variation in compulsory hospitalisation - ethical challenges.
Article in BMC health services research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Availability and restrictiveness of community treatment orders across 33 European countries.BJPsych open · 2026Article
- Behind closed doors: unlocking hospital variations in the use of seclusion and mechanical restraint - a nationwide multilevel analysis in adult mental healthcare in France.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- A Scoping Review on Staff Attitudes towards the Use of Coercion in Mental Healthcare.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Ethical Issues in Clinical Decision-Making about Involuntary Psychiatric Treatment: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Expert opinions on improving coercion data collection across Europe: a concept mapping study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- The relationship between area levels of involuntary psychiatric care and patient outcomes: a longitudinal national register study from Norway.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Ethical issues with geographical variations in the provision of health care services.BMC medical ethics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCompulsory hospitalisation in mental health care restricts patients' liberty and is experienced as harmful by many. Such hospitalisations continue to be used due to their assumed benefit, despite limited scientific evidence. Observed geographical variation in compulsory hospitalisation raises concern that rates are higher and lower than necessary in some areas. METHODS/DISCUSSION: We present a specific normative ethical analysis of how geographical variation in compulsory hospitalisation challenges four core principles of health care ethics. We then consider the theoretical possibility of a "right", or appropriate, level of compulsory hospitalisation, as a general norm for assessing the moral divergence, i.e., too little, or too much. Finally, we discuss implications of our analysis and how they can inform the future direction of mental health services.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.