ArticleVaccine2023
Exploring key informants' perceptions of Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy in a disadvantaged urban community in Ireland: Emergence of a '4Cs' model.
Article in Vaccine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- A global scoping review of interventions to increase participation in screening programmes for breast, cervical and colorectal cancer between 2016 and 2025.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Building on Vaccine Confidence in the Aftermath of the Pandemic: A Qualitative Study in Primary Care Physicians.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Determinants of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance based on the novel Omale INDEPT FORCIS Framework and recommendations for subsequent pandemics: a qualitative study among community members in Ebonyi state, Nigeria.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- 'Is It Safe? Is it not?' A Youth-Led Photovoice Study of Youth Perspectives of COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024Article
- The impact of targeted local outreach clinics to improve COVID-19 vaccine uptake: controlled interrupted time series in South West England.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Article
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- Role of leadership and incentive-based programs in addressing vaccine hesitancy in India.Vaccine: X · 2023Article
- Can delay discounting predict vaccine hesitancy 4-years later? A study among US young adults.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- The emergence of COVID-19 over-concern immediately after the cancelation of the measures adopted by the dynamic zero-COVID policy in China.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimThe aim of this study was to explore key informants' views on and experiences with Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy in a Dublin community with a high concentration of economic and social disadvantage and to identify feasible, community-centred solutions for improving vaccination acceptance and uptake.
methodsQualitative, semi-structured interviews were carried out at a local community-centre and a central hair salon. Twelve key informants from the target community were selected based on their professional experience with vulnerable population groups: the unemployed, adults in recovery from addiction, the elderly, and Irish Travellers. Inductive thematic framework analysis was conducted to identify emergent themes and sub-themes.
resultsDrivers of vaccine hesitancy identified by key informants largely fell under the WHO '3Cs' model of hesitancy: lack of confidence in the vaccine and its providers, complacency towards the health risks of Covid-19, and inconvenient access conditions. Covid-19 Communications emerged as a fourth 'C' whereby unclear and negative messages, confusing public health measures, and unmet expectations of the vaccine's effectiveness exacerbated anti-authority sentiments and vaccine scepticism during the pandemic. Community-specific solutions involve the provision of accurate and accessible information, collaborating with community-based organizations to build trust in the vaccine through relationship building and ongoing dialogue, and ensuring acceptable access conditions.
conclusionsThe proposed Confidence, Complacency, Convenience, Covid-19 Communications ('4Cs') model provides a tool for considering vaccine hesitancy in disadvantaged urban communities reacting to the rapid development and distribution of a novel vaccine. The model and in-depth key informants' perspectives can be used to compliment equitable vaccination efforts currently underway by public health agencies and non-governmental organizations.
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