ArticleMalaria journal2022
Screening eaves of houses reduces indoor mosquito density in rural, western Kenya.
Article in Malaria journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Housing modification to prevent malaria in Uganda: an analysis of costs, willingness to pay, and equity.Malaria journal · 2025Trial
- A household randomized-control trial of insecticide-treated screening for malaria control in unimproved houses in Tanzania.Malaria journal · 2025Trial
- Housing modifications for heat adaptation, thermal comfort and malaria vector control in rural African settlements.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Indigenous knowledge systems and malaria prevention in Zimbabwe: a market basket analysis.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Molecular markers of reduced behavioral sensitivity to transfluthrin in Anopheles gambiae s.s. from Western Kenya.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Effects of indoor cooking with liquefied petroleum gas versus solid biomass on mosquito and fly density in households.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Larviciding for malaria control and elimination in Africa.Malaria journal · 2025Review
- One Health, many approaches: integrated vector management strategies support One Health goals.Frontiers in insect science · 2025Review
- Determinants of malaria infection among under five children in Gursum district of Somali region, Eastern Ethiopia.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- House Screening Reduces Exposure to Indoor Host-Seeking and Biting Malaria Vectors: Evidence from Rural South-East Zambia.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Mosquito control by abatement programmes in the United States: perspectives and lessons for countries in sub-Saharan Africa.Malaria journal · 2024Review
- Insecticide treated eaves screens provide additional marginal protection compared to untreated eave screens under semi-field conditions in western Kenya.MalariaWorld journal · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite the scale-up of insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying, the bulk of malaria transmission in western Kenya still occurs indoors, late at night. House improvement is a potential long-term solution to further reduce malaria transmission in the region.
methodsThe impact of eave screening on mosquito densities was evaluated in two rural villages in western Kenya. One-hundred-and-twenty pairs of structurally similar, neighbouring houses were used in the study. In each pair, one house was randomly selected to receive eave screening at the beginning of the study while the other remained unscreened until the end of the sampling period. Mosquito sampling was performed monthly by motorized aspiration method for 4 months. The collected mosquitoes were analysed for species identification.
resultsCompared to unscreened houses, significantly fewer female Anopheles funestus (RR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.29-0.55), Anopheles gambiae Complex (RR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.34-0.62) and Culex species (RR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.45-0.61) were collected in screened houses. No significant differences in the densities of the mosquitoes were detected in outdoor collections. Significantly fewer Anopheles funestus were collected indoors from houses with painted walls (RR = 0.05, 95% CI 0.01-0.38) while cooking in the house was associated with significantly lower numbers of Anopheles gambiae Complex indoors (RR = 0.60, 95% CI 0.45-0.79). Nearly all house owners (99.6%) wanted their houses permanently screened, including 97.7% that indicated a willingness to use their own resources. However, 99.2% required training on house screening. The cost of screening a single house was estimated at KES6,162.38 (US$61.62).
conclusionSimple house modification by eave screening has the potential to reduce the indoor occurrence of both Anopheles and Culex mosquito species. Community acceptance was very high although education and mobilization may be needed for community uptake of house modification for vector control. Intersectoral collaboration and favourable government policies on housing are important links towards the adoption of house improvements for malaria control.
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