ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2022
Dermal open flow microperfusion for PK-based clinical bioequivalence studies of topical drug products.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Proof of Concept for Open Flow Microperfusion for Intratumoural Drug Administration in Equine Cutaneous Neoplasia.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Imaging Active Drug Transport in Viable Human Skin: A Functional ex vivo Skin Model for Mechanistic and Regulatory Applications.Skin pharmacology and physiology · 2026Article
- Local Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Topically-Applied Bimatoprost to the Scalp of Male Patients With Androgenetic Alopecia.Clinical and translational science · 2026Article
- From Lab to Workplace: Efficacy of Skin Protection Creams Against Hydrophobic Working Materials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Enhancing Transcutaneous Drug Delivery: Advanced Perspectives on Skin Models.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025Review
- Update on the advances and challenges in bioequivalence testing methods for complex topical generic products.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Topically applied drug products have experienced an extraordinary price increase in the United States, mostly due to a lack of generic products. Generic drug development is hindered by high costs and risks associated with clinical endpoint studies required to show bioequivalence (BE) of prospective generic products relative to their reference products. There is a continued need for cost- and time-efficient alternatives to clinical endpoint studies to determine BE of topically applied dermal drug products. Cutaneous PK-based BE studies present such an alternative and dOFM (dermal open flow microperfusion) has already been successfully used in several verifications studies to show an accurate and sensitive assessment of the rate and extent at which drugs become available in the skin. dOFM technology is discussed as well as the dOFM setup of clinical pilot and main studies to achieve BE assessment with a minimum number of participants and an outlook is given on the use of dOFM technology for other drug products.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.