ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2022
Circulating homocysteine and folate concentrations and risk of type 2 diabetes: A retrospective observational study in Chinese adults and a Mendelian randomization analysis.
Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Folic Acid as a Potential Vitamin in Glycemic Control: A Systematic Review.Current nutrition reports · 2024Pooled it
- The causal role of homocysteine in multiple diseases: a systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies.Nutrition & metabolism · 2025Review
- Precision prediction of hyperhomocysteinemia development in perimenopausal women using LASSO regression.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2025Article
- One-Carbon Metabolism Nutrients, Genetic Variation, and Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The relation between circulating homocysteine (hcy) and folate concentrations and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been evaluated in several observational studies with inconsistent results; and it is unclear about their causal relationships. Our aim was to assess the causality association between circulating hcy or folate concentrations and the development of T2DM using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, based on results of an observational study in Chinese adults. Methods: We conducted an observational study of 370 patients with T2DM and 402 controls after routine physical examination who consulted at the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between March 2021 and December 2021. Correlations between hcy and folate and the incidence of T2DM were quantified using logistic regression models. Two-sample MR analysis was conducted using summary statistics of genetic variants gained from 2 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on circulating hcy and folate concentrations in individuals of European ancestry and from an independent GWAS study based on DIAMANTE meta-analysis. Results: In the observational study, after logistic regression with multiple adjustment, lower hcy and higher folate levels were identified to be associated with the risk of T2DM, with OR (95% CI) for hcy of 1.032 (1.003-1.060); while 0.909 (0.840-0.983) for folate. In the MR analysis, the OR for T2DM was 1.08 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.21; Conclusions: We discovered that high circulating hcy and low folate concentrations were related with an increased risk of developing T2DM in Chinese adults. Moreover, MR analysis provided genetic evidence for a possible causal relationship between serum folate and the risk of T2DM.
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