ArticleEClinicalMedicine2023
Duration of antibiotic treatment for Gram-negative bacteremia - Systematic review and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- [S3 guideline on sepsis-prevention, diagnosis, therapy, and follow-up care-update 2025].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2025Guideline
- Antimicrobial treatment for 7 versus 14 days in patients with bacteremia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Infection · 2025Pooled it
- Seven vs Fourteen Days of Antibiotics for Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infection: A Systematic Review and Noninferiority Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Antibiotic treatment for 7 days versus 14 days in patients with uncomplicated bloodstream infections: a Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and trial sequential analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The Use of Step-Down Oral Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-Negative Bacteremia and Risk Factors for Adverse Outcomes.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Epidemiology, treatment and outcomes of antimicrobial-resistant infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Epidemiological trends of multidrug-resistant organisms in a tertiary-care pediatric hospital, 2017-2023.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Safety of short versus extended antibiotic therapy for neutropenic fever after hematopoietic cell transplantation.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026Article
- Clinical Outcomes in Adult Patients Receiving Definitive Cefazolin Therapy for Community-Acquired Enterobacterales Bacteremias across Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Breakpoints.The Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy · 2026Article
- Accessibility of big data in medicine: adjusting the duration of antibiotic treatment for gram-negative bloodstream infections.Health systems (Basingstoke, England) · 2026Article
- Safety and efficacy of early oral switch in Enterobacterales bacteremia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of Yeungnam medical science · 2026Article
- CAUTIon - not all UTIs are the same.Nature reviews. Urology · 2025Review
- Gram-negative bloodstream infections: where can we do better? A retrospective cohort study.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Observational
- Antibiotic Therapy Duration for Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections: An Evidence-Based Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Evaluation of shorter versus longer antifungal treatment durations forAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Review
- Variability in Durations of Therapy for Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections and Factors Associated With Prolonged Durations.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Optimizing Antibiotic Treatment Duration for ESBL-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Bacteremia in ICU: A Multicentric Retrospective Cohort Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Use of a rapid detection test for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase from direct blood culture: an antimicrobial stewardship tool in a tertiary hospital in Spain.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2025Article
- Shortening antibiotic therapy duration for hospital-acquired bloodstream infections in critically ill patients: a causal inference model from the international EUROBACT-2 database.Intensive care medicine · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: We aim to compare the effect of short versus long treatment duration in Gram-negative bacteremia on all-cause mortality in pre-specified sub-groups. Methods: Individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing short (≤7) versus longer (>7 days) antibiotic treatment for Gram-negative bacteremia. Participants were adults (≥18 years), with Gram-negative bacteremia during hospital stay. We searched PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science to identify trials conducted up to May 2022. Primary outcome was 90-day all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality, relapse of bacteremia, length of hospital stay, readmission, local or distant infection complications, adverse events, and resistance emergence.Outcomes were assessed in pre-specified subgroups: women vs men; non-urinary vs urinary source; presence vs absence of hypotension on initial presentation; immunocompromised patients versus non-immunocompromised patients, and age (above/below 65). Fixed-effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). All three trials had low risk of bias for allocation generation and concealment. Findings: Three RCTs (1186 patients) were included; 1121 with Interpretation: For patients hemodynamically stable and afebrile at 48 h prior to discontinuation, seven days of antibiotic therapy for Funding: There was no funding source for this study.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.