ArticleBreast cancer (Dove Medical Press)2022
Metformin Inducing the Change of Functional and Exhausted Phenotypic Tumor-Infiltrated Lymphocytes and the Correlation with JNK Signal Pathway in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
Article in Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deciphering the Anti-Tumor Mechanisms of Metformin Through Reprogramming of the Tumor Microenvironment.Cells · 2026Review
- Novel genetic insights into causal effects of potential metformin targets and immune mediation on sepsis.Biology direct · 2026Article
- Metformin drives HIF-1α-mediated dual metabolic reprogramming to enhance γδ T cell therapy in triple-negative breast cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Metformin-Based Combination Approaches for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- The Regulatory Role of CTCF in IL6 Gene Transcription Assessed in Breast Cancer Cell Lines.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Metformin: From Diabetes to Cancer-Unveiling Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.Biology · 2024Review
- [Metformin suppresses hypoxia-inducible factor-1Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2024Article
- Effects of Metformin on JNK Signaling Pathway and PD-L1 Expression in Triple Negative Breast Cancer.Cancer management and research · 2024Article
- Treatment with the PPARα agonist fenofibrate improves the efficacy of CD8Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2023Article
- The Impact of Metformin on Tumor-Infiltrated Immune Cells: Preclinical and Clinical Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Low-dose metformin suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis via the AMPK/JNK/IL-8 pathway.International journal of immunopathology and pharmacologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer. Metformin has been shown to have the potential to inhibit the proliferation of malignant cells. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of metformin on phenotypic tumor-infiltrated lymphocytes (TILs) and mechanisms in TNBC. Methods: Microarray analysis was performed on 4T1 cells post metformin treatment. BALB/c mice were inoculated with 4T1 cells with knockdown/overexpression of C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and administered with metformin. Phenotypic TILs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) were visualized by immunofluorescence staining. Results: Metformin inhibited 4T1 cell proliferation and increased expression of JNK by 21% in vitro. In vivo, Metformin increased cell counts of CD4 Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that metformin increased the functional phenotype of TILs and associated with JNK pathway, and suppressed the exhausted phenotype of TILs independently to JNK pathway in TNBC microenvironment. Further studies are needed to explore the basic mechanism of action of the drug. Metformin has potentially enhanced efficacy when used in combination with immunotherapy against TNBC.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.